Multivalent ion removal from Kraft black liquor by ultrafiltration

Journal Article · Tue Sep 01 04:00:00 EDT 1987 · Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00069a022· OSTI ID:5854405

Kirbawy, S A; Hill, M K

Kraft black liquor (KBL) was ultrafiltered into permeate and retentate fractions. Whereas Na and K were concentrated in permeate solids, many higher valence ions were disproportionately found in retentate solids. Those elements concentrated included Ca, Mg, Al, and Fe. Si was less dependably retained. The retentate/permeate ratio of Ca, based on dry solids, was as little as 1.6 for a low-Ca northern softwood KBL and as high as 7.6 for a high-Ca southern hardwood KBL. Polysulfone ultrafiltration (UF) membranes of 50 000 molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) concentrated multivalent elements to a lesser extent than did 6000 or 20 000 MWCO membranes. A nylon microfiltration membrane (0.5-..mu..m pore size) concentrated multivalents to a greater extent during a 60/sup 0/C run than it did when a run was made at 75/sup 0/C. Kraft white liquor had only a small tendency to concentrate multivalents in the retentate, especially when care was taken to remove all carbon particulates.

• Research Organization: Weyerhaeuser Co., Federal Way, WA 98477
• OSTI ID: 5854405
• Journal Information: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.; (United States), Journal Name: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.; (United States) Vol. 26:9; ISSN IECRE
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
320305* -- Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization-- Industrial & Agricultural Processes-- Industrial Waste Management
ALKALI METALS
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
ALUMINIUM
CALCIUM
CARBON
DEMETALLIZATION
ELEMENTS
FILTERS
FILTRATION
INDUSTRIAL WASTES
IRON
LIQUID WASTES
MAGNESIUM
MANAGEMENT
MEDIUM TEMPERATURE
METALS
NONMETALS
PARTICLES
PARTICULATES
POTASSIUM
PROCESSING
REMOVAL
SEMIMETALS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SILICON
SODIUM
SPENT LIQUORS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
ULTRAFILTRATION
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PROCESSING
WASTES