Trace element emissions when firing pulverized coal in a pilot-scale combustion facility
- Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
Title Ed of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 designates 189 hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). Fourteen of the 189 substances identified are: antimony (Sb), beryllium (Be), chlorine (0), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), fluorine (F), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and phosphorous (P). Eleven of these elements have been detected in the flue gas of pulverized coal-fired utility boilers. Currently there are no regulations that limit the emissions of these elements during coal combustion in utility- or industrial-scale boilers. Given the growing body of risk assessment data on these elements and their impact on the environment and human health, it is possible that regulations on emission levels for certain elements will be imposed. A knowledge of the occurrence of trace elements in coal and their behavior during combustion is essential to predict emissions and to develop control technologies for remediation. The partitioning of trace elements during combustion can be traced to their volatility within the system. For purposes of this paper, the classification of trace elements summarized by Clarke and Sloss will be used: Group I elements, i.e., elements that are not easily volatilized and form larger bottom ash and fly ash particles; Group H elements, i.e., elements that are partially or completely volatilization followed by condensation as small particles or on the surface of small particles; and Group III elements, i.e., elements that are readily volatilized and usually remain in the gas phase system.
- Research Organization:
- Coal and Slurry Technology Association, Washington, DC (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 585426
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-980309-PROC.; TRN: 98:001614-0088
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 23. international technical conference on coal utilization and fuel systems, Clearwater, FL (United States), 9-13 Mar 1998; Other Information: PBD: 1998; Related Information: Is Part Of The proceedings of the 23rd International Technical Conference on Coal Utilization and Fuel Systems; Sakkestad, B.A. [ed.]; PB: 1143 p.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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