Pressure distributions in layered sand columns during transient and steady-state flows

Journal Article · Fri Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1965 · Water Resour. Res.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/WR001i004p00557· OSTI ID:5853035

Behnke, J J; Bianchi, W C

In operational groundwater recharge activities uniform soil profiles are the exception rather than the rule. Accurate pressure distributions in layered profiles are needed to define the mechanics of flow to underground aquifers at the high soil moisture contents normally present. This study showed that pressure distributions were similar in layered sand systems composed of different grain sizes during steady-state flow at different surface heads. Positive pressures occurred near the top of the layered column and negative pressures developed with depth, reaching a maximum at or near the layer interface. Then a zone of unit gradient occurred followed by a zone where tensions decreased approaching zero or atmospheric at the column base. Entrapped air had a considerable effect on the hydraulic conductivities of the sand systems. Pressure distribution profiles in layered sands during transient flow (drainage conditions) prior to air entry were similar to those described for steady-state flow.

• Research Organization: US Soil Water Cons Res Div.
• OSTI ID: 5853035
• Journal Information: Water Resour. Res.; (United States), Journal Name: Water Resour. Res.; (United States) Vol. 1:4; ISSN WRERA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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