Adsorption and reduction in bioactivity of polychlorinated biphenyl (Aroclor 1254) to redroot pigweed by soil organic matter and montmorillonite clay

Journal Article · Mon Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 1982 · Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1982.03615995004600020021x· OSTI ID:5848547

Strek, H J; Weber, J B

Aroclor 1254 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) applied to untreated (1.4% organic matter) and H/sub 2/O/sub 2/-treated (0.2% organic matter) Lakeland sand at rates of 0, 50,100, 150, and 200 ppm caused significant reductions in redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) growth at the high rates of application. Polychlorinated biphenyl decreased plant height in the H/sub 2/O/sub 2/-treated soil much more than in the untreated soil. A greater decrease in dry weight also resulted in the H/sub 2/O/sub 2/-treated soil, but only at the 200 ppm rate. In one study, soil was amended with montmorillonite clay and organic matter (peaty muck) at rates of 0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0% by weight and treated with 200 ppm PCB. The organic matter proved to be much more effective than montmorillonite in reducing PCB toxicity to pigweed at the lower rates of addition (2.5 and 5.0%), but no differences were noted between the two adsorbents at the 10% rate. Adsorption of /sup 14/C-labeled PCB closely resembling Aroclor 1254 by the untreated and H/sub 2/O/sub 2/-treated soils, montmorillonite clay, organic matter, and activated carbon was measured. The order of highest to lowest adsorption was as follows: activated carbon >> organic matter > montmorillonite clay > Lakeland sand > H/sub 2/O/sub 2/-treated Lakeland sand. These experiments suggest that organic matter content of a soil, and clay content to a lesser extent, are involved in reducing the availability of soil-applied PCB to pigweed. Differences in reduction of PCB toxicity to pigweed are explained by differences in adsorption by the adsorbents.

• OSTI ID: 5848547
• Journal Information: Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.; (United States), Vol. 46:2
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ACTIVATED CARBON
SORPTIVE PROPERTIES
CHLORINATED AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
ADSORPTION
BIOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
MONTMORILLONITE
CARBON 14 COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
INHIBITION
ORGANIC MATTER
PLANT GROWTH
PLANTS
SOILS
TRACER TECHNIQUES
ADSORBENTS
AROMATICS
CARBON
CLAYS
ELEMENTS
GROWTH
HALOGENATED AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INORGANIC ION EXCHANGERS
ION EXCHANGE MATERIALS
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
MATERIALS
NONMETALS
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PEROXIDES
SORPTION
SURFACE PROPERTIES
560303* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Plants- (-1987)