Carbon monoxide removal from hydrogen-rich fuel cell feedstreams by selective catalytic oxidation
- General Motors Research Development Center, Warren, MI (United States)
Indirect methanol fuel cells currently being investigated at General Motors for transportation applications require removal of carbon monoxide from the hydrogen-rich gas stream produced by the fuel processing section. A variety of catalytic materials, including noble metals (Pt, Pd, Rh, and Ru) and base metals (Co/Cu, Ni/Co/Fe, Ag, Cr, Fe, and Mn), were evaluated in a laboratory reactor feedstream containing CO, H[sub 2], and O[sub 2] in order to identify alternate catalysts which are more effective than currently used Pt/Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] in selectively oxidizing CO in the presence of excess H[sub 2]. Both Ru/Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] and Rh/Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] are among the most active catalysts for CO oxidation, achieving nearly complete CO conversion at temperatures as low as 100[degrees]C (compared to [approximately]200[degrees]C required for currently used Pt/Al[sub 2]O[sub 3]). Futhermore, the Ru/Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] and Rh/Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] catalysts were found to be exceptionally selective for CO oxidation, making it possible to purify the fuel cell feedstream with a minimum loss of the energy content associated with H[sub 2]. 30 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.
- OSTI ID:
- 5845858
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Catalysis; (United States), Vol. 142:1; ISSN 0021-9517
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
CARBON MONOXIDE
OXIDATION
RHODIUM
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
RUTHENIUM
ALUMINIUM ORES
CATALYST SUPPORTS
CATALYSTS
ELECTROLYTIC CELLS
FUEL CELLS
HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS
HYDROGEN
METHANOL
REMOVAL
ALCOHOLS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON OXIDES
CATALYSIS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DIRECT ENERGY CONVERTERS
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ELEMENTS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
METALS
NONMETALS
ORES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PLATINUM METALS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
400201* - Chemical & Physicochemical Properties
330702 - Emission Control- Carbon Monoxide