Radioimmunoassay for pyridostigmine
Pyridostigmine is a cholinergic drug used for the treatment of myasthenia gravis and for antagonizing the effects of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants. In addition, military organizations in several countries have an active interest in pyridostigmine as a pretreatment compound for nerve agent poisoning. Anti-pyridostigmine antibodies were produced in rabbits using a pyridostigmine analog conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin. These antibodies were used for development of a radioimmunoassay that has a linear standard curve (r2=0.986) ranging from 0.5 to 10.0 ng/ml of pyridostigmine bromide in a 0.1-ml plasma sample. This assay measures pyridostigmine in plasma with better sensitivity and much greater through-put than do current state-of-the-art high-performance liquid chromatography techniques. In addition, only small volumes (100ml) of the plasma samples are required. Plasma levels of pyridostigmine were determined in the rat after intramuscular administration (0.056mg/kg) of pyridostigmine bromide. Estimates of the various pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using the computer program NONLIN84. The results were as follows: apparent volume of distribution = 1.97 1/kg, absorption rate constant = 0.277 min-1, elimination rate constant = 0.0273 min-1, area under the curve = 1010 ng x min/ml, absorption rate half-life = 2.41 min, elimination rate half-life = 24.8 min, maximal plasma concentration (Cmax) = 21.3 ng/ml and time to Cmax = 9.02 min.
- Research Organization:
- Army Medical Research Inst. of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 5842684
- Report Number(s):
- AD-A-208149/5/XAB; USAMRICD-P-88-004
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
400700 -- Radiochemistry & Nuclear Chemistry
550200* -- Biochemistry
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ACETYLCHOLINE
ALKYL RADICALS
AMINES
AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS
ANIMALS
ANTIBODIES
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENTS
AZINES
BIOASSAY
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BLOOD PLASMA
BODY FLUIDS
BROMIDES
BROMINE COMPOUNDS
CARBAMATES
CARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVES
CARBOXYLESTERASES
CARBOXYLIC ACID SALTS
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENTS
CHOLINESTERASE
DRUGS
ENZYMES
ESTERASES
ESTERS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROLASES
HYDROXYL RADICALS
IMMUNOASSAY
IMMUNOLOGY
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
MAMMALS
MATERIALS
METHYL RADICALS
MUSCLES
NEUROREGULATORS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS
POISONING
PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS
PYRIDINES
QUATERNARY COMPOUNDS
RABBITS
RADICALS
RADIOASSAY
RADIOIMMUNOASSAY
RADIOIMMUNOLOGY
RATS
RODENTS
SAMPLING
TRACER TECHNIQUES
VERTEBRATES
VOLUME