Graft polymerization of acrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid onto starch. [Gamma radiation]

Journal Article · Thu Nov 01 04:00:00 EST 1979 · J. Appl. Polym. Sci.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1979.070240909· OSTI ID:5839609

Fanta, G F; Burr, R C; Doane, W M

Mixtures of acrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AASO/sub 3/H) were graft polymerized onto starch by cobalt-60 irradiation, and the water absorbency and water solubility of the resulting products were determined. The conversion of monomers to polymer was nearly quantitative under simultaneous irradiation conditions. Products with high water absorbency were obtained with equal weights of starch and total monomers when acrylamide:AASO/sub 3/H ratios ranged from 9:1 to 1:3. Water solubility of these polymers was over 50%. Neither of the two monomers gave absorbent polymers when graft polymerized individually onto starch. Although highly absorbent products were also obtained at a total monomer:starch ratio of 2:5, ratios of 1:5 and lower gave products with poor absorbency. Neutralization of AASO/sub 3/H with sodium hydroxide before graft polymerization drastically reduced both the water solubility and absorbency of the final products. To obtain good water absorbency from granular starch, it was necessary to first neutralize the AASO/sub 3/H portion with alkali, then disperse the polymer in hot water, and finally dry the resulting water dispersion. Graft copolymers with good water absorbency were also obtained by adding preirradiated starch to a water solution of acrylamide and AASO/sub 3/H, although only partial conversions of monomers to polymer were realized.Selected products from the various graft polymerizations were fractionated by extraction with either water or a 1% solution of sodium chloride. The synthetic polymer content of the resulting fractions and the percentage of AASO/sub 3/H in the synthetic portion of each polymer were determined. The anti M/sub n/ of some of the synthetic polymers was also determined after removal of carbohydrate by enzymatic hydrolysis.

• Research Organization: Dept. of Agriculture, Peoria, IL
• OSTI ID: 5839609
• Journal Information: J. Appl. Polym. Sci.; (United States), Journal Name: J. Appl. Polym. Sci.; (United States) Vol. 24:9; ISSN JAPNA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
400600* -- Radiation Chemistry
ACRYLAMIDE
ADSORPTION
AMIDES
CARBOHYDRATES
CHEMICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
COPOLYMERIZATION
COPOLYMERS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
GAMMA RADIATION
GRAFT POLYMERS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
IONIZING RADIATIONS
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC POLYMERS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PH VALUE
POLYMERIZATION
POLYMERS
POLYSACCHARIDES
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
REAGENTS
SACCHARIDES
SORPTION
STARCH
SULFONIC ACIDS
WATER