Extraction of hydrocarbon-containing solids

Patent · Tue Sep 22 04:00:00 EDT 1987

OSTI ID:5834618

Ho, P N

This patent describes a process for recovering hydrocarbon liquids from oil shale solids which comprises: (a) contacting the oil shale solids with a hot, nonoxidizing gas in the substantial absence of an added liquid organic solvent at a temperature between about 550/sup 0/F and about 900/sup 0/F, wherein the solids are contacted with the hot gas at a pressure below the critical pressure of the gas and in the substantial absence of added ammonia and added amines; (b) contacting the heated oil shale solids from step (a) with a liquid organic solvent in an extraction zone by passing the solvent downwardly through the solids in the substantial absence of an aqueous phase at a temperature between about ambient temperature and about 600/sup 0/F in the presence of an added amine under conditions such that hydrocarbons are extracted from the solids. The added amine is selected from the group consisting of (1) a primary alkylamine having the formula R/sub 1/NH/sub 2/ where R/sub 1/ is a straight or branched chain alkyl radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl radical having from 5 to 12 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted bicycloalkyl radical having from 9 to 18 carbon atoms, (2) a diamine having the formula NH/sub 2/ - R/sub 2/ - NH/sub 2/ where R/sub 2/ is a straight or branched chain alkyl radical having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, (3) pyrrolidine and (4) N-methylaniline; and (c) recovering the extracted hydrocarbons from the organic solvent as the hydrocarbon liquids.

• Assignee: Union Oil Co. of California, Los Angeles, CA
• Patent Number(s): US 4695373
• OSTI ID: 5834618
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

04 OIL SHALES AND TAR SANDS
040402* -- Oil Shales & Tar Sands-- Surface Methods
ADDITIVES
ALKYL RADICALS
AMINES
AMMONIA
ANILINE
AROMATICS
AZOLES
BITUMINOUS MATERIALS
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
ENERGY SOURCES
EXTRACTION
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
GASIFICATION
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HIGH TEMPERATURE
HYDRIDES
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
MATERIALS
METHYL RADICALS
MINERAL OILS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN HYDRIDES
OIL SHALES
OILS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SOLVENTS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PYRROLES
PYRROLIDINES
RADICALS
RECOVERY
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SHALE OIL
SOLIDS
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
SOLVENTS
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES