Stable isotope studies of nicotine kinetics and bioavailability
- Univ. of California, San Francisco (USA)
The stable isotope-labeled compound 3',3'-dideuteronicotine was used to investigate the disposition kinetics of nicotine in smokers, the systemic absorption of nicotine from cigarette smoke, and the bioavailability of nicotine ingested as oral capsules. Blood levels of labeled nicotine could be measured for 9 hours after a 30-minute intravenous infusion. Analysis of disposition kinetics in 10 healthy men revealed a multiexponential decline after the end of an infusion, with an elimination half-life averaging 203 minutes. This half-life was longer than that previously reported, indicating the presence of a shallow elimination phase. Plasma clearance averaged 14.6 ml/min/kg. The average intake of nicotine per cigarette was 2.29 mg. A cigarette smoke-monitoring system that directly measured particulate matter in smoke was evaluated in these subjects. Total particulate matter, number of puffs on the cigarette, total puff volume, and time of puffing correlated with the intake of nicotine from smoking. The oral bioavailability of nicotine averaged 44%. This bioavailability is higher than expected based on the systemic clearance of nicotine and suggests that there may be significant extrahepatic metabolism of nicotine.
- OSTI ID:
- 5802923
- Journal Information:
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics; (USA), Vol. 49:3; ISSN 0009-9236
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
NICOTINE
METABOLISM
BIOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY
BIOLOGICAL HALF-LIFE
DEUTERIUM
ORAL ADMINISTRATION
TOBACCO SMOKES
TRACER TECHNIQUES
AEROSOLS
ALKALOIDS
AMINES
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENTS
AZINES
AZOLES
COLLOIDS
DISPERSIONS
DRUGS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN ISOTOPES
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
ISOTOPES
LIGHT NUCLEI
NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PARASYMPATHOLYTICS
PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS
PYRIDINES
PYRROLES
PYRROLIDINES
RESIDUES
SMOKES
SOLS
STABLE ISOTOPES
550501* - Metabolism- Tracer Techniques