Pulmonary inflammation and epithelial injury in response to acute ozone exposure in the rat

Journal Article · Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1992 · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008X(92)90280-6· OSTI ID:5752099

Pino, M V; Levin, J R; Stovall, M Y; Hyde, D M ^[1]

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1. California Primate Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis (United States)

To document the time course of the inflammatory response and epithelial injury in the lung following an acute ozone exposure, rats were exposed to 1.0 ppm ozone for periods between 4 and 24 hr. Some of the exposures were followed by postexposure periods in filtered air for up to 20 hr. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis and electron microscopic morphometry on centriacinar regions of lungs fixed by intravascular perfusion were used to assess the degree of pulmonary inflammation and epithelial cell necrosis. Total protein and numbers of neutrophils and epithelial cells in BALF increased as the duration of ozone exposure increased, while BALF macrophages decreased. Quantitation of the neutrophil response in centriacinar lung regions (capillary, interstitial, and epithelial/luminal compartments of the terminal bronchiole and proximal alveolar duct) by morphometry generally correlated with the BALF analysis, and revealed a greater volume per surface area epithelial basal lamina (Vs) of neutrophils in the terminal bronchiole compartments compared to proximal alveoli. Necrosis of epithelial cells in terminal bronchioles, primarily ciliated cells, occurred as early as 4 hr after initiation of ozone exposure, before marked neutrophil migration, and continued during periods of maximal neutrophil influx. The authors concluded that the early epithelial necrosis in terminal bronchioles during the first few hours of ozone exposure was primarily due to direct ozone toxicity, but could not rule out the possibility of neutrophils contributing to the injury at later time points, especially between 8 and 12 hr of exposure (during periods of maximal neutrophil migration).

• OSTI ID: 5752099
• Journal Information: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology; (United States), Vol. 112:1; ISSN 0041-008X
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
LUNGS
SENSITIVITY
OZONE
TISSUE DISTRIBUTION
EPITHELIUM
LAVAGE
NEUTROPHILS
PNEUMONIA
RATS
ANIMAL TISSUES
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY
BODY FLUIDS
DISEASES
DISTRIBUTION
LEUKOCYTES
MAMMALS
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ORGANS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
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RODENTS
TISSUES
VERTEBRATES
560300* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology