Indirect heat retorting process with cocurrent and countercurrent flow of hydrocarbon-containing solids
A continuous process is disclosed for the retorting of oil shale or other similar hydrocarbon containing solids. Heat carrier particles at an elevated temperature are introduced into an upper portion of a retort and pass downwardly therethrough, fluidized by an upwardly flowing non-oxidizing gas introduced in a lower portion of the retort. The hydrocarbon-containing solids are introduced into an intermediate portion of the retort; a first portion thereof being entrained by the gas and flowing upwardly through the retort and a second portion thereof being fluidized by the gas and flowing downwardly through said retort. Retorted fluidized solids and heat carrier particles are removed from a lower portion of the retort and a product stream of hydrocarbon vapors mixed with the entrained retorted solids and fluidizing gas is recovered overhead.
- Assignee:
- Chevron Research Co
- Patent Number(s):
- US 4183800
- OSTI ID:
- 5750751
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
040402* -- Oil Shales & Tar Sands-- Surface Methods
BITUMINOUS MATERIALS
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COUNTERFLOW SYSTEMS
DECOMPOSITION
ENERGY SOURCES
FLUIDIZED BED
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
HEAT SOURCES
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
MATERIALS
OIL SHALE PROCESSING PLANTS
OIL SHALES
RETORTING