Formaldehyde, methanol and hydrocarbon emissions from methanol-fueled cars
- General Motors Corp., Warren, MI (United States)
Exhaust and evaporative emissions tests were conducted on several methanol- and gasoline-fueled vehicles. Separate samples for chromatographic analysis of formaldehyde, methanol, and individual hydrocarbons were collected in each of the three phases of the driving cycle and in each of the two portions of the evaporative emissions test. One vehicle, equipped with an experimental variable-fuel engine, was tested using methanol/gasoline fuel mixtures of 100, 85, 50, 15, and 0 percent methanol. Combustion-generated hydrocarbons were lowest using methanol fuel, and increased several-fold as the gasoline fraction was increased. Gasoline components in the exhaust increased from zero as the gasoline fraction of the fuel was increased. On the other hand, formaldehyde emissions were several times higher using methanol fuel than they were using gasoline. A dedicated methanol car and the variable-fuel car gave similar emissions patterns when they both were tested using methanol fuel. The organic-carbon composition of the exhaust was 85-90 percent methanol, 5-7 percent formaldehyde, and 3-9 percent hydrocarbons. Several cars that were tested using gasoline emitted similar distributions of hydrocarbons, even through the vehicles represented a broad range of current and developmental engine families and emissions control systems.
- OSTI ID:
- 5748401
- Journal Information:
- Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association; (United States), Journal Name: Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association; (United States) Vol. 40:5; ISSN 1047-3289; ISSN JAWAE
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
095000 -- Biomass Fuels-- Environmental Aspects-- (1990-)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540120* -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (1990-)
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
AIR POLLUTION MONITORING
ALCOHOL FUELS
ALCOHOLS
ALDEHYDES
AUTOMOBILES
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
CONTROL
DISPERSIONS
EVALUATION
EXHAUST GASES
FLUIDS
FORMALDEHYDE
FUELS
GASEOUS WASTES
GASES
GASOLINE
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
LIQUID FUELS
METHANOL
METHANOL FUELS
MIXTURES
MONITORING
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
POLLUTION CONTROL
SYNTHETIC FUELS
TESTING
VEHICLES
WASTES