In vivo measurement of actinides in the human lung. [Calibration and comparison of Phoswich, large-area proportional counter, and intrinsic germanium planar array detector systems]
The problems associated with the in vivo detection and measurement of actinides in the human lung are discussed together with various measurement systems currently in use. In particular, the methods and calibration procedures employed at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, namely, the use of twin Phoswich detectors and a new, more realistic, tissue-equivalent phantom, are described. Methods for the measurement of chest-wall thickness, fat content, and normal human background counts are also discussed. Detection-efficiency values and minimum detectable activity estimates are given for three common actinides, /sup 238/Pu, /sup 239/Pu, and /sup 241/Am.
- Research Organization:
- California Univ., Livermore (USA). Lawrence Livermore Lab.
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-48
- OSTI ID:
- 5730163
- Report Number(s):
- UCRL-83548
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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440101 -- Radiation Instrumentation-- General Detectors or Monitors & Radiometric Instruments
46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
560171* -- Radiation Effects-- Nuclide Kinetics & Toxicology-- Man-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ACTINIDE ISOTOPES
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ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
AMERICIUM 241
AMERICIUM ISOTOPES
ANIMALS
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CONNECTIVE TISSUE
DATA
DATA FORMS
DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES
DIMENSIONS
EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI
EVEN-ODD NUCLEI
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IN VIVO
INFORMATION
ISOLATED VALUES
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LUNGS
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MAN
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
MEASURING METHODS
MOCKUP
MONITORING
NUCLEI
NUMERICAL DATA
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ORGANS
PERFORMANCE TESTING
PHANTOMS
PLUTONIUM 238
PLUTONIUM 239
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PRIMATES
RADIATION DETECTORS
RADIATION MONITORING
RADIOACTIVITY
RADIOISOTOPES
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
STRUCTURAL MODELS
TESTING
THICKNESS
TISSUES
ULTRASONOGRAPHY
VERTEBRATES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
560171* -- Radiation Effects-- Nuclide Kinetics & Toxicology-- Man-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ACTINIDE ISOTOPES
ACTINIDE NUCLEI
ADIPOSE TISSUE
ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
AMERICIUM 241
AMERICIUM ISOTOPES
ANIMALS
BODY
BODY AREAS
CALIBRATION
CHEST
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
DATA
DATA FORMS
DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES
DIMENSIONS
EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI
EVEN-ODD NUCLEI
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
HEAVY NUCLEI
IN VIVO
INFORMATION
ISOLATED VALUES
ISOTOPES
LUNGS
MAMMALS
MAN
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
MEASURING METHODS
MOCKUP
MONITORING
NUCLEI
NUMERICAL DATA
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ORGANS
PERFORMANCE TESTING
PHANTOMS
PLUTONIUM 238
PLUTONIUM 239
PLUTONIUM ISOTOPES
PRIMATES
RADIATION DETECTORS
RADIATION MONITORING
RADIOACTIVITY
RADIOISOTOPES
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
STRUCTURAL MODELS
TESTING
THICKNESS
TISSUES
ULTRASONOGRAPHY
VERTEBRATES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES