Effect of irradiation on the hexose monophosphate shunt pathway of human lymphocytes

Journal Article · Sat Sep 01 04:00:00 EDT 1979 · Radiat. Res.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2307/3575184· OSTI ID:5702947

Roberts, W; Kartha, M; Sagone, Jr, A L

The radiosensitivity of human peripheral lymphocytes, as indicated by impairment of lymphoblastic transformation in response to phytohemagglutinin, was measured and the effect of hypoxic conditions on the impairment was determined. Lymphoblastic transformation was protected by the anoxic conditions. The effect of X radiation on the total endogenous reduced soluble (nonprotein) sulfhydryl content and on that fraction representing glutathione (GSH) was investigated. The concentration of total reduced sulfhydryl was decreased in both aerobic and anoxic conditions and it was shown that this decrease occurred primarily in the non-GSH fraction. The GSH concentration was maintained by glutathione reductase through its coupling with the hexose monophosphate shunt. The activity of this shunt, which has been shown to protect human cells from damage by highly reactive oxygen species in other systems, was measured by (1-/sup 14/C)-glucose metabolism and found to increase after aerobic irradiation. However, under anoxic conditions, there was a twofold greater increment than in the aerobically irradiated cells. Evidence from other published studies is cited to support the hypothesis that this represents a competitive reaction of sulfhydryl and oxygen to react with hydrogen deletion radicals formed in macromolecules such as DNA. It is suggested that the oxygen enhancement effect in these cells may result from the destructive reaction of oxygen compounds with such radicals, which is kinetically more favorable than reparative reaction with sulfhydryl.

• Research Organization: Ohio State Univ., Columbus
• OSTI ID: 5702947
• Journal Information: Radiat. Res.; (United States), Journal Name: Radiat. Res.; (United States) Vol. 79:3; ISSN RAREA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560121* -- Radiation Effects on Cells-- External Source-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AEROBIC CONDITIONS
AGGLUTININS
ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
ANOXIA
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY FLUIDS
CARBOHYDRATES
CARBON 14
CARBON ISOTOPES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DECOMPOSITION
DNA
DRUGS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI
GLUTATHIONE
GLYCOLYSIS
HEMAGGLUTININS
IN VITRO
IONIZING RADIATIONS
ISOTOPES
LEUKOCYTES
LIGHT NUCLEI
LYMPHOCYTES
MAMMALS
MAN
METABOLISM
MITOGENS
MUCOPROTEINS
NUCLEI
NUCLEIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN ENHANCEMENT RATIO
PEPTIDES
PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININ
POLYPEPTIDES
POLYSACCHARIDES
PRIMATES
PROTEINS
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
RADICALS
RADIOISOTOPES
RADIOPROTECTIVE SUBSTANCES
RADIOSENSITIVITY
RESPONSE MODIFYING FACTORS
SACCHARIDES
SOMATIC CELLS
SULFHYDRYL RADICALS
VERTEBRATES
X RADIATION
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES