Air pollution and respiratory symptoms in preschool children

Journal Article · Tue Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 1991 · American Review of Respiratory Disease (New York); (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/145.1.42· OSTI ID:5701709

Braun-Fahrlaender, C A; Ackermann-Liebrich, U; Schwartz, J; Gnehm, H P; Rutishauser, M; Wanner, H U ^[1]

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1. Division of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Basel (Switzerland)

A diary study on a random sample of 625 Swiss children aged 0 to 5 yr was conducted in two cities in Switzerland to investigate the association between air pollution and respiratory symptoms. Total suspended particulates (TSP), SO2 and NO2 were measured by city monitor. In addition, passive samplers inside and outside the home measured NO2 concentration during the 6 wk each child was on the diary. Diaries were filled out by parents, and 20% were validated with the attending pediatrician's case notes. Incidence and duration of symptom episodes were examined separately. The study included any episode, episodes of coughing without runny nose, upper respiratory episodes, and episodes of breathing difficulty. In regressions using 6-wk average pollution that controlled for medical history, NO2 measured outdoors but not indoors was associated with the duration of any symptom. Total suspended particulates were a more significant predictor of duration of any symptom than NO2. The 6-wk average TSP was significantly associated with incidence of coughing episodes and marginally significant as a predictor of upper respiratory episodes. Previous day's TSP was a significant predictor of incidence of upper respiratory symptoms. Annual average of NO2 was associated with the duration of any episode and of upper respiratory episodes. We conclude that the incidence and duration of respiratory symptom episodes are likely associated with particulate concentrations and duration may be associated with NO2.

• OSTI ID: 5701709
• Journal Information: American Review of Respiratory Disease (New York); (United States), Journal Name: American Review of Respiratory Disease (New York); (United States) Vol. 145:1; ISSN 0003-0805; ISSN ARDSB
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540120* -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (1990-)
560300 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AGE GROUPS
AIR POLLUTION
AIR SAMPLERS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHILDREN
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
DISEASES
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
EQUIPMENT
EUROPE
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN OXIDES
NITROUS OXIDE
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DISEASES
SAMPLERS
SENSITIVITY
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SULFUR DIOXIDE
SULFUR OXIDES
SWITZERLAND
SYMPTOMS