Thermodynamics of the carbon dioxide system in the oceans

Journal Article · Wed Feb 01 04:00:00 EST 1995 · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(94)00354-O· OSTI ID:56953

Millero, F J ^[1]

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1. Univ. of Miami, FL (United States)

In the next ten years, a number of studies on the carbonate systems are planned as part of the JGOFS/WOCE programs. The carbon dioxide system will be studied by measuring at least two of the controlling parameters: pH, total alkalinity (TA), total inorganic CO{sub 2} (TCO{sub 2}), and the fugacity of CO{sub 2} (f{sub CO{sub 2}}). The other parameters can be calculated using thermodynamic relations. In the present paper the thermodynamic equations necessary to characterize the CO{sub 2} system in the oceans as a function of salinity and temperature are given. This includes equations for the dissociation of carbonic acid, boric acid, phosphoric acid, silicic acid, water, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia in seawater as a function of temperature (0 to 45{degrees}C) and salinity (0 to 45). The equations are of the form ln K{sub i} = A + B/T + C ln T, where A, B, and C are functions of salinity. Equations are also given for calculating the effect of temperature and salinity on the fugacity and pH of seawater using the carbonic acid constants of Roy et al. (1993a).

• OSTI ID: 56953
• Journal Information: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Journal Name: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 59; ISSN GCACAK; ISSN 0016-7037
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
58 GEOSCIENCES
BORIC ACID
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBONATES
CARBONIC ACID
GEOCHEMISTRY
PHOSPHORIC ACID
SALINITY
SEAS
SILICIC ACID
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE
THERMODYNAMICS