Regulation and patterns of endogenous and exogenous gene expression during differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells
Journal Article
·
· Environmental Health Perspectives; (USA)
- Roche Research Center, Nutley, NJ (USA)
Embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells offer an interesting model system for evaluating differentiation because the cells are pluripotent, thus resembling germ cells and embryonic stem cells, and because a number of agents have been defined that are capable of promoting the differentiation of these cells. This chapter examines how EC cells might be triggered to differentiate, with emphasis on retinoic acid because this compound is a potent, naturally occurring inducer that has been studied extensively in this system. The nature of alterations in gene expression during EC cell differentiation is reviewed from the perspective of evaluating whether these changes are likely to be responsible for, or a result of, the differentiation event. Finally, the authors consider in molecular terms why EC cells, but not their differentiated derivatives, are refractory to the expression of many viral genomes following infection. Based upon these studies, they propose that fundamental changes in gene expression that are observed when differentiation is triggered in EC cells are likely to be due to the disappearance or neutralization of strong repressor elements.
- OSTI ID:
- 5672903
- Journal Information:
- Environmental Health Perspectives; (USA), Journal Name: Environmental Health Perspectives; (USA) Vol. 80; ISSN 0091-6765; ISSN EVHPA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
550201* -- Biochemistry-- Tracer Techniques
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ANIMAL CELLS
AUTORADIOGRAPHY
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
CARBOXYLIC ACID ESTERS
CARCINOGENESIS
CARCINOMAS
CELL DIFFERENTIATION
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
DISEASES
ELECTROPHORESIS
EMBRYONIC CELLS
ESTERS
GENE REGULATION
GENES
ISOTOPES
LIGHT NUCLEI
MESSENGER-RNA
NEOPLASMS
NUCLEI
NUCLEIC ACIDS
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
ONCOGENES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PATHOGENESIS
PHOSPHORUS 32
PHOSPHORUS ISOTOPES
PROTEINS
RADIOISOTOPES
RETINOIC ACID
RNA
SOMATIC CELLS
STEM CELLS
TRANSCRIPTION
TUMOR CELLS
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ANIMAL CELLS
AUTORADIOGRAPHY
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
CARBOXYLIC ACID ESTERS
CARCINOGENESIS
CARCINOMAS
CELL DIFFERENTIATION
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
DISEASES
ELECTROPHORESIS
EMBRYONIC CELLS
ESTERS
GENE REGULATION
GENES
ISOTOPES
LIGHT NUCLEI
MESSENGER-RNA
NEOPLASMS
NUCLEI
NUCLEIC ACIDS
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
ONCOGENES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PATHOGENESIS
PHOSPHORUS 32
PHOSPHORUS ISOTOPES
PROTEINS
RADIOISOTOPES
RETINOIC ACID
RNA
SOMATIC CELLS
STEM CELLS
TRANSCRIPTION
TUMOR CELLS