Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation studies of aromatic ethers, phenols, and oxygen-rich synfuels
This dissertation was concerned with a systematic study of the hydrogenation-hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reactions of aromatic ethers, phenols, and oxygen-rich synfuels. The feeds investigated included diphenyl either; dibenzyl ether; anisole (methoxybenzene); dibenzofuran; 2,3-benzofuran; phenol; 2-naphthol; 2-phenylphenol; and three types of oxygen-rich synfuel feedstocks, i.e., peat-derived bitumens; fir-root bitumen, and a low-temperature coal depolymerization product. The studies were performed in autoclave reactors between 110-370/sup 0/C and hydrogen pressures between 250-2000 psig using sulfided CoMo/..gamma..-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and NiMo/..gamma..-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ as catalysts. Changes in product composition as a function of experimental variables (reaction temperature, hydrogen pressure, reaction time, catalyst type, and H/sub 2/S (CS/sub 2/) concentration were determined. Kinetic rate constants and activation energies for each step in the reaction network of the structurally distinct model compounds were calculated, and mechanistic aspects of the HDO reactions elucidated. Hydrotreatment of highly aliphatic Swedish peat-derived bitumens between 290-370/sup 0/C and pressures of 2100-3000 psig in the presence of a sulfided 6%Co8%Mo catalyst, produces a high quality hydrocarbon oil containing <1.0 wt% of oxygen and 92-96 wt% of distillables, including 48-53 wt% of gasoline, kerosene, and light gas oil fractions. Under the same conditions hydrotreatment of a low-temperature depolymerization product from Wyodak coal yielded a hydrocarbon oil containing 92.5 wt% of distillables including 34.9 wt% of components boiling between 50-325/sup 0/C.
- Research Organization:
- Utah Univ., Salt Lake City (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 5652690
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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ACTIVATION ENERGY
ANISOLE
AROMATICS
BENZOFURANS
BITUMENS
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CATALYSTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL BONDS
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COAL
COAL LIQUIDS
ELEMENTS
ENERGY
ENERGY SOURCES
ETHERS
FLUIDS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
FURANS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN SULFIDES
HYDROGENATION
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
KINETICS
LIQUIDS
MATERIALS
NONMETALS
OILS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC MATTER
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PEAT
PHENOLS
PRESSURE DEPENDENCE
REACTION KINETICS
REDUCTION
SULFIDES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
TAR
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE
TIME DEPENDENCE
WOOD OILS