Chemistry and morphology of coal liquefaction. Annual report, October 1, 1982-September 30, 1983
The kinetics of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over a potassium-promoted, fused-iron catalyst were studied as a function of catalyst reduction conditions. Severe reduction leads to a very active catalyst, which deactivates rapidly. Milder reduction conditions give a less active but more stable catalyst. Differences in the order of dependence on H/sub 2/ and CO and the fact that activation energies are independent of reduction condition suggest that different fractions of the surface are brought into an active state. A study of potential support-metal interaction was undertaken. There are significant differences in the product spectrum between fused Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and precipated Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ catalysts. Supported iron on silica, mordenite, y-zeolite and ZSM-5 indicated that chain growth probability is the same for all these supports. Olefin to paraffin ratio increases with increasing Al/Si ratio. Dependencies of rates of formation of individual products on H/sub 2/ and CO partial pressure are different for each support. Powdered graphite samples loaded with various amounts of KOH have been reacted with atmospheric pressure of steam in the temperature range 700 to 900/sup 0/K. The reaction proceeds via two successive stages. During Stage 1, hydrogen and hydrocarbons are evolved at a high rate but no CO or CO/sub 2/. During Stage 2, gasification proceeds catalytically at a much reduced rate with the production of one CO molecule per equivalent H/sub 2/ molecule. While the results with graphite described indicate a stoichiometric reaction, recent work with an Illinois No. 5 char shows that hydrocarbon production does not stop when all potassium hydroxide has been converted. It appears that an ash component catalytically decomposes the phenolate at reaction temperature, reconstitutes the potassium hydroxide and permits a continuous hydrocarbon production.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC03-76SF00098
- OSTI ID:
- 5650875
- Report Number(s):
- LBL-16773; ON: DE84003923
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
AROMATICS
AZAARENES
AZINES
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CATALYSTS
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
COAL
COAL GASIFICATION
COAL LIQUEFACTION
COAL LIQUIDS
DATA
ENERGY SOURCES
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS
FLUIDS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
GASES
GASIFICATION
GASOLINE
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGENATION
HYDROXIDES
INFORMATION
IRON COMPOUNDS
KINETICS
LIQUEFACTION
LIQUID FUELS
LIQUIDS
MATERIALS
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
POTASSIUM COMPOUNDS
POTASSIUM HYDROXIDES
PYRIDINES
QUINOLINES
REACTION KINETICS
SPECIFICITY
STRUCTURAL MODELS
SYNTHESIS
SYNTHESIS GAS
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS