Effective atomic numbers for low-energy total photon interactions in human tissues
Journal Article
·
· Med. Phys.; (United States)
A new method is introduced in which the total photon interaction cross sections per electron of human tissues are used to define effective atomic numbers for blood, bone, brain, fat, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, ovary, pancreas, spleen, and water. These effective atomic numbers are equal within 4% from 10 to 200 keV in each soft tissue, whereas for bones of different chemical compositions the variation ranges from 2.86% to 5.03%. This effective atomic number definition is less energy dependent than a previous definition based on the total photon interaction cross section per atom averaged over all elements in the tissue, from which the computed effective atomic numbers varied by as much as 50% (in bone) as a function of photon energy over the energy range from 10 to 200 keV.
- Research Organization:
- Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
- OSTI ID:
- 5650289
- Journal Information:
- Med. Phys.; (United States), Journal Name: Med. Phys.; (United States) Vol. 14:5; ISSN MPHYA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
560151* -- Radiation Effects on Animals-- Man
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ADIPOSE TISSUE
ANIMAL TISSUES
ANIMALS
ATOMIC NUMBER
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BODY
BODY FLUIDS
BRAIN
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DOSES
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
ENERGY RANGE
GLANDS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
KEV RANGE
LIVER
MAMMALS
MAN
MASSLESS PARTICLES
MATERIALS
MUSCLES
NERVOUS SYSTEM
ORGANS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PANCREAS
PHOTONS
PRIMATES
RADIATION DOSES
SPLEEN
TISSUES
VERTEBRATES
WATER
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ADIPOSE TISSUE
ANIMAL TISSUES
ANIMALS
ATOMIC NUMBER
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BODY
BODY FLUIDS
BRAIN
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DOSES
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
ENERGY RANGE
GLANDS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
KEV RANGE
LIVER
MAMMALS
MAN
MASSLESS PARTICLES
MATERIALS
MUSCLES
NERVOUS SYSTEM
ORGANS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PANCREAS
PHOTONS
PRIMATES
RADIATION DOSES
SPLEEN
TISSUES
VERTEBRATES
WATER