Nicotine inhibits collagen synthesis and alkaline phosphatase activity, but stimulates DNA synthesis in osteoblast-like cells

Journal Article · Wed May 01 00:00:00 EDT 1991 · Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine; (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-197-43221· OSTI ID:5642964

Ramp, W K; Lenz, L G; Galvin, R J ^[1]

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1. Univ. of Louisville, KY (USA)

Use of smokeless tobacco is associated with various oral lesions including periodontal damage and alveolar bone loss. This study was performed to test the effects of nicotine on bone-forming cells at concentrations that occur in the saliva of smokeless tobacco users. Confluent cultures of osteoblast-like cells isolated from chick embryo calvariae were incubated for 2 days with nicotine added to the culture medium (25-600 micrograms/ml). Nicotine inhibited alkaline phosphatase in the cell layer and released to the medium, whereas glycolysis (as indexed by lactate production) was unaffected or slightly elevated. The effects on medium and cell layer alkaline phosphatase were concentration dependent with maximal inhibition occurring at 600 micrograms nicotine/ml. Nicotine essentially did not affect the noncollagenous protein content of the cell layer, but did inhibit collagen synthesis (hydroxylation of ({sup 3}H)proline and collagenase-digestible protein) at 100, 300, and 600 micrograms/ml. Release of ({sup 3}H)hydroxyproline to the medium was also decreased in a dose-dependent manner, as was the collagenase-digestible protein for both the medium and cell layer. In contrast, DNA synthesis (incorporation of ({sup 3}H)thymidine) was more than doubled by the alkaloid, whereas total DNA content was slightly inhibited at 600 micrograms/ml, suggesting stimulated cell turnover. Morphologic changes occurred in nicotine-treated cells including rounding up, detachment, and the occurrence of numerous large vacuoles. These results suggest that steps to reduce the salivary concentration of nicotine in smokeless tobacco users might diminish damaging effects of this product on alveolar bone.

• OSTI ID: 5642964
• Journal Information: Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine; (USA), Vol. 197:1; ISSN 0037-9727
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE
ENZYME ACTIVITY
BONE CELLS
DNA REPLICATION
COLLAGEN
BIOSYNTHESIS
NICOTINE
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
CHICKENS
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
EMBRYOS
INHIBITION
PROLINE
THYMIDINE
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
TRACER TECHNIQUES
TRITIUM COMPOUNDS
ALKALOIDS
AMINES
AMINO ACIDS
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENTS
AZINES
AZOLES
BIRDS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DRUGS
ENZYMES
ESTERASES
FOWL
HETEROCYCLIC ACIDS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROLASES
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
NUCLEIC ACID REPLICATION
NUCLEOSIDES
NUCLEOTIDES
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PARASYMPATHOLYTICS
PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS
PHOSPHATASES
PROTEINS
PYRIDINES
PYRIMIDINES
PYRROLES
PYRROLIDINES
RIBOSIDES
SCLEROPROTEINS
SOMATIC CELLS
SYNTHESIS
VERTEBRATES
550201* - Biochemistry- Tracer Techniques