Air pollution and other determinants of lung cancer in cities of Liaoning Province, China

Conference · · Archives of Environmental Health; (USA)

OSTI ID:5642669

Zhao-Yi, Xu ^[1]

---

1. Liaoning Public Health and Anti-Epidemic Station, Shenyang (China)

Two case-control studies were conducted during 1985-1987 in cities of Liaoning, Northeastern China, an industrial province with metallurgical, petroleum refining, and coal-producing industries, where lung cancer rates are high in men and women. One study, involving 1,249 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients and 1,345 controls, was conducted in Shenyang; another involving 703 pairs of cases and controls collected from death certificates was made in seven cities. Cigarette smoking was the principal cause of lung cancer, but the RRs and attributable risks (PAR) were much lower than those reported for Western countries. After adjusting for smoking, there were also significant increases in risk associated with exposure to air pollution. Risk was twice as high among those who reported smoky outdoor environments, and among cases where the home was within 200 m of a factory (significant for metallurgical factories). Risk increased in proportion to years of using coal-burning heaters. The PAR of air pollution, mainly due to coal-burning, was 15-20% and 30% in the two studies, respectively. The association of air pollution was stronger for squamous cell cancers than adenocarcinoma. Other risk factors included occupational exposure (metal smelting and exposure to smoke from burning fuel) and prior lung disease.

• OSTI ID: 5642669
• Report Number(s): CONF-890937--
• Conference Information: Journal Name: Archives of Environmental Health; (USA) Journal Volume: 45:5
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540110
550900* -- Pathology
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
AEROSOLS
ANIMALS
ASIA
BODY
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CHINA
COAL
COLLOIDS
DISEASES
DISPERSIONS
ENERGY SOURCES
ENVIRONMENT
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
INDUSTRY
LUNGS
MAMMALS
MAN
MATERIALS
NEOPLASMS
OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES
ORGANS
PRIMATES
RESIDUES
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
SMOKES
SOLS
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
TOBACCO SMOKES
URBAN AREAS
VERTEBRATES