Phase characterization in two centrifugally cast HK stainless steel tubes

Journal Article · Tue Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1991 · Materials Characterization; (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/1044-5803(91)90002-L· OSTI ID:5627093

Barbabela, G D; de Almeida, L H ^[1]; da Silveira, T L ^[2]; Le May, I ^[3]

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1. COPPE/URFJ, P.O. Box 68505, 21945 Rio de Janiero (BR)
2. Faculdad de Engenharia Souza Marques, Rio de Janeiro (BR)
3. Calgary Univ., AB (Canada)

The petrochemical industry has been using 25% Cr - 20% Ni centrifugally cast stainless steel since the early 1960s in reformer and pyrolysis furnaces. This class of material has replaced the traditional superalloys showing similar creep behavior, with substantial reduction in costs. The use of the centrifugal casting technique for tube production has also contributed to better quality in these components. During the past two decades, several studies have been conducted concerning the improvement in the performance of this material at high temperatures. Some of them were related to failure analysis and life prediction, while others were related to the chemical composition balance and to new alloying procedures. As a consequence, a new generation of centrifugally cast steels has been developed in the form of niobium-modified HK and HP steels. The creep resistance of these alloys appears to be dependent on the composition, morphology, and distribution of carbides that form within them. The purpose of the study reported herein is to characterize the precipitation effects occurring during long- term service in two HK-type steels, one being of basic HK composition and the other a niobium-modified alloy.

• OSTI ID: 5627093
• Journal Information: Materials Characterization; (USA), Journal Name: Materials Characterization; (USA) Vol. 26:1; ISSN 1044-5803; ISSN MACHE
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

02 PETROLEUM
020400 -- Petroleum-- Processing
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
360101* -- Metals & Alloys-- Preparation & Fabrication
ALLOYS
CASTINGS
CHEMICAL PLANTS
CHROMIUM ALLOYS
CHROMIUM-NICKEL STEELS
HIGH ALLOY STEELS
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
IRON ALLOYS
IRON BASE ALLOYS
NICKEL ALLOYS
NIOBIUM ALLOYS
PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS
STAINLESS STEELS
STEELS
TUBES