Precipitation of surfactants and surfactant mixtures in aqueous solutions. [Sodium Dodecylsulfate, Dodecylpyridinium Chloride, Nonylphenol Polyethoxylate]

Technical Report · Thu Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1987

OSTI ID:5616129

Stellner, K L

The precipitation of an anionic surfactant by several different counterions is examined. The counterions include: Na/sup +/, Ca/sup +2/; and a monovalent counterion which is a cationic surfactant. At concentrations below the CMC(critical micelle concentration), surfactant precipitation is similar to precipitation of any simple salt and can be described by a solubility product relationship. Above the CMC, when micelles are present, the solubility product must be written between the anionic surfactant monomer concentration and the unbound (unassociated) counterion concentration. A model has been developed for each system that successfully predicts the counterion concentration required to cause precipitation. The primary goal of this work is to understand the changes in anionic surfactant precipitation brought about by adding nonionic surfactant and/or NaCl. In anionic-nonionic surfactant mixtures, monomer-micelle equilibrium is described using a pseudo-phase approach combined with a regular solution theory assumption for the micelles. 100 refs., 40 figs., 7 tabs.

• Research Organization: Oklahoma Univ., Norman (USA)
• DOE Contract Number: FG05-87ER13678
• OSTI ID: 5616129
• Report Number(s): DOE/ER/13678-7; ON: DE88003333
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
400105 -- Separation Procedures
400201* -- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKOXY RADICALS
AMINES
AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS
ANIONS
AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
AROMATICS
AZINES
CALCIUM CHLORIDES
CALCIUM COMPOUNDS
CALCIUM HALIDES
CALCIUM IONS
CATIONS
CHARGED PARTICLES
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
CHEMICAL REACTION YIELD
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHLORIDES
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
DISPERSIONS
ELECTROLYTES
EQUILIBRIUM
ETHOXY RADICALS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
IONS
KINETICS
MAGNESIUM CHLORIDES
MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
MICELLAR SYSTEMS
MIXTURES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHENOLS
PRECIPITATION
PYRIDINES
PYRIDINIUM COMPOUNDS
QUATERNARY COMPOUNDS
RADICALS
REACTION KINETICS
SALTING-OUT AGENTS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SODIUM CHLORIDE
SODIUM CHLORIDES
SODIUM COMPOUNDS
SODIUM IONS
SODIUM SULFATES
SOLUBILITY
SOLUTIONS
SULFATES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SURFACTANTS
SYNTHESIS
VALENCE
YIELDS