Mutagenic and clastogenic properties of 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2 (5H)-furanone: a potent bacterial mutagen in drinking water
3-Chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) was found to be a direct-acting mutagen in the Ames test for strains TA1535, TA1538, TA92, TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA102. The highest mutagenic response (approximately 13,000 revertants/nmol) was seen in strain TA100. The TA100 response was six- to tenfold higher than in TA98, TA97, and TA102, and 100- to 500-fold higher than in TA1535, TA92, and TA1538. The addition of a 9,000 x g supernatant fraction (S-9) from livers of polychlorinated biphenyl-treated rats, along with cofactors for NADPH generation, resulted in a 90% reduction in the TA100 mutagenicity. MX induced chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells after 6-8 hr exposure without S-9 at a dose as low as 4 micrograms/ml, and after 2 hr exposure with S-9 at a dose of 75 micrograms/ml. The oral dose of MX lethal to 50% (LD50) in Swiss-Webster mice was determined to be 128 mg/kg. MX did not induce micronuclei in mouse bone marrow when administered by oral gavage at doses up to 70% of the LD50.
- Research Organization:
- Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH
- OSTI ID:
- 5605928
- Journal Information:
- Environ. Mol. Mutagen.; (United States), Vol. 10:4
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
CHO CELLS
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
FURANS
MUTAGEN SCREENING
BONE MARROW
DRINKING WATER
FIBROBLASTS
HAMSTERS
LIVER
MICE
MUTAGENS
RATS
SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMAL TISSUES
ANIMALS
BACTERIA
BODY
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
GLANDS
HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
MAMMALS
MICROORGANISMS
MUTATIONS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
RODENTS
SALMONELLA
SCREENING
SOMATIC CELLS
TISSUES
VERTEBRATES
WATER
560300* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology