Nitrogen dioxide and respiratory illness in children. Part II: Assessment of exposure to nitrogen dioxide

Journal Article · Tue Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 1993 · Research Report Health Effects Institute; (United States)

OSTI ID:5604739

Lambert, W E; Samet, J M; Hunt, W C; Skipper, B J; Schwab, M; Spengler, J D ^[1]

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1. Univ. of New Mexico Medical Center, Albuquerque (United States)

Repeated measurements of nitrogen dioxide were obtained from 1988 to 1991 in the homes of 1,205 infants living in Albuquerque, NM. Passive diffusion samplers were used to obtain a series of two-week integrated measurements from the home of each infant for use in a cohort study of the relation of residential exposure to nitrogen dioxide and respiratory illnesses. Information on stove use and time spent inside the residence was collected at two-week and two-month intervals, respectively. During the winter, in the bedrooms of homes with gas cooking stoves, mean nitrogen dioxide concentrations were 21 parts per billion (ppb); mean concentrations in the living room and kitchen were 29 ppb and 34 ppb, respectively. In homes with electric cooking stoves, the mean bedroom concentration was 7 ppb during the winter. Lower indoor concentrations were observed during the summer in homes with both gas and electric stoves. On average, infants spent approximately 12.3 hours per day in their bedrooms, 7.3 hours in the living rooms, 35 minutes in the kitchens, and 3.8 hours out of their homes. (As a condition of participation, none of the infants spent more than 20 hours per week in day care outside of their homes). The mean time infants spent in the kitchen during cooking was approximately nine minutes per day. We tested whether exposures of infants living in homes with gas stoves could be reasonably estimated by measurements in the bedroom in comparison with time-weighted average concentrations based on time-activity data and simultaneous nitrogen dioxide measurements in the kitchen, living room, and bedroom. In 1,937 two-week intervals from 587 infants, 90% of time-weighted exposure (on the three-level classification used in this study) estimates were in agreement with estimates based on bedroom concentrations alone.

• OSTI ID: 5604739
• Journal Information: Research Report Health Effects Institute; (United States), Journal Name: Research Report Health Effects Institute; (United States) Vol. 58; ISSN 1041-5505; ISSN RRHIEV
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AGE GROUPS
AIR POLLUTION
APPLIANCES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHILDREN
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
DISEASES
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE
EQUIPMENT
INDOOR AIR POLLUTION
INFANTS
NEW MEXICO
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
NITROGEN OXIDES
NORTH AMERICA
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DISEASES
STOVES
USA