Photochemical determinants of the efficiency of photogalvanic conversion of solar energy
A photogalvanic cell is a battery in which the cell solution absorbs light directly to generate species which, upon back reaction through an external circuit with the aid of suitable electrodes, produces electric power; photoactivation of the electrodes is not involved. The charge-carrying species have storage capacity if they are long-lived and can be prevented from engaging in degradative back reactions in bulk solution. The efficiency of a photogalvanic cell for the conversion of photon energy into electrical energy is determined by photochemical and electrochemical factors. Among the latter are the choice of electrode materials and the kinetics of electron transfer at the heterogeneous surfaces. The photochemical determinants of the efficiency of photogalvanic cell operations are examined: the absorption spectral characteristics of the cell solution, the efficiency of formation of separated charge carriers, and the lifetimes of the carriers toward back electron transfer. Modulation of bulk solution dynamics can be achieved by variation of the solution medium. The photochemical determinants are discussed with particular reference to the use of thionine or RU(bpy)2/3/sup +/ as the light absorbing species. 76 references.
- Research Organization:
- Boston Univ., MA (USA). Dept. of Chemistry
- OSTI ID:
- 5600572
- Report Number(s):
- COO-2889-5
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
14 SOLAR ENERGY
140505* -- Solar Energy Conversion-- Photochemical
Photobiological
& Thermochemical Conversion-- (1980-)
AMINES
ATOMIC IONS
CARRIER LIFETIME
CHALCOGENIDES
CHARGE CARRIERS
CHARGED PARTICLES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
DISPERSIONS
EFFICIENCY
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ELECTRODES
ELECTROLYTES
ELECTRON TRANSFER
EQUIPMENT
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
IONS
IRON IONS
LIFETIME
MATERIALS
MIXTURES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PERFORMANCE
PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS
PHOTOCHEMISTRY
PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
PHOTOGALVANIC CELLS
REAGENTS
REDOX REACTIONS
RUTHENIUM IONS
SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS
SENSITIZERS
SOLAR EQUIPMENT
SOLUTIONS
THIONINE
TIN COMPOUNDS
TIN OXIDES
140505* -- Solar Energy Conversion-- Photochemical
Photobiological
& Thermochemical Conversion-- (1980-)
AMINES
ATOMIC IONS
CARRIER LIFETIME
CHALCOGENIDES
CHARGE CARRIERS
CHARGED PARTICLES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
DISPERSIONS
EFFICIENCY
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ELECTRODES
ELECTROLYTES
ELECTRON TRANSFER
EQUIPMENT
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
IONS
IRON IONS
LIFETIME
MATERIALS
MIXTURES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PERFORMANCE
PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS
PHOTOCHEMISTRY
PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
PHOTOGALVANIC CELLS
REAGENTS
REDOX REACTIONS
RUTHENIUM IONS
SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS
SENSITIZERS
SOLAR EQUIPMENT
SOLUTIONS
THIONINE
TIN COMPOUNDS
TIN OXIDES