Detection of platelet alloimmunity with a platelet-associated IgG assay

Journal Article · Mon Jun 01 04:00:00 EDT 1981 · J. Lab. Clin. Med.; (United States)

OSTI ID:5589368

Myers, T J; Kim, B K; Steiner, M; Bishop, J; Baldini, M G

A quantitative immunofluorescence PA-IgG assay was used to detect alloimmunity to platelets. The assay identified serum alloantibodies in 10 out of 14 multitransfused patients and for two of three infants with neonatal thrombocytopenia. The correct separation of all multitransfused patients into alloimmune and nonalloimmune groups by the PA-IgG assay was substantiated with chromium-51-labeled platelet survival studies. The allogeneic nature of the serum antibodies was demonstrated by progressive absorption of the antibody with increasing numbers of allogeneic platelets but not with autologous platelets. The sensitivity of the PA-IgG assay for detection of serum alloantibodies was superior to that of platelet aggregation, platelet serotonin release, and lymphocytotoxicity testing. In dilution experiments with alloimmune serum, elevated levels of serum PA-IgG could still be detected on donor platelets when platelet aggregation and serotonin release tests became negative. Platelet survival studies with selected platelets performed in the 10 alloimmunized, multitransfused patients confirmed the results of the PA-IgG assays, predicting alloimmunity to the donor platelets. In contrast, platelet aggregation, platelet serotonin release, and lymphocytotoxicity testing indicated alloimmunity for 50% or less of the patients. Reduced platelet survival times were also seen with HLA A- and HLA B-matched donor platelets when donor-recipient incompatibility was demonstrated by the PA-IgG assay. Thus the PA-IgG assay provides a sensitive method to detect serum platelet alloantibodies and may offer a technique in platelet crossmatching.

• Research Organization: Brown Univ., Pawtucket, RI
• OSTI ID: 5589368
• Journal Information: J. Lab. Clin. Med.; (United States), Journal Name: J. Lab. Clin. Med.; (United States) Vol. 97:6; ISSN JLCMA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ANTIBODIES
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BLOOD PLATELETS
BODY FLUIDS
CHROMIUM 51
CHROMIUM ISOTOPES
ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES
EVEN-ODD NUCLEI
GLOBULINS
IMMUNE REACTIONS
IMMUNE SERUMS
IMMUNOGLOBULINS
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
ISOTOPES
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
MATERIALS
NUCLEI
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PATIENTS
PROTEINS
RADIOASSAY
RADIOIMMUNOASSAY
RADIOISOTOPES
SURVIVAL TIME
THERAPY
TRACER TECHNIQUES
TRANSFUSIONS