Analytical methods necessary to implement risk-based criteria for chemicals in municipal sludge

Technical Report · Sun Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1989

OSTI ID:5577454

Bruins, R J.F.; Fradkin, L; Stara, J F; Peirano, W B; Molak, V

The Ambient Water Quality Criteria that were promulgated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 1980 included water concentration levels which, for many pollutants, were so low as to be unmeasurable by standard analytical methods. Criteria for controlling toxics in municipal sludge would likely pose similar problems of sampling and analysis. Risk-assessment methodologies recently developed by the U.S. EPA provide criteria derivation procedures for each of the following sludge management practices: land application (including distribution and marketing), landfilling, incineration, and ocean disposal. These methodologies recommend that numerical limits on toxicant concentrations in sludge, or on rates of toxicant disposal, should be used to minimize risk to human health and the environment. Implementation of these numerical criteria would require refinement of sampling and analytical techniques for sludges, and various types of field validation studies would be needed to ensure that the criteria are appropriately protective.

• Research Organization: Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH (USA). Office of Environmental Criteria and Assessment
• OSTI ID: 5577454
• Report Number(s): PB-89-223903/XAB; EPA--600/D-89/031
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
320604* -- Energy Conservation
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& Utilization-- Municipalities & Community Systems-- Municipal Waste Management-- (1980-)
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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
INCINERATORS
MANAGEMENT
MARINE DISPOSAL
MATERIALS
MUNICIPAL WASTES
POLLUTION
PUBLIC HEALTH
RISK ASSESSMENT
SANITARY LANDFILLS
SEWAGE
SLUDGES
SURVEYS
TOXIC MATERIALS
TOXICITY
WASTE DISPOSAL
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTES
WATER POLLUTION
WATER QUALITY