San Francisco residential energy consumption. Final report

Technical Report · Wed Dec 01 04:00:00 EST 1976

OSTI ID:5552434

Reed, J E; Barber, J E; White, B

Heating and cooling energy requirements were determined by a computerized program for characteristic single-family, townhouse, low - rise, and high - rise residences in San Francisco, Calif., with 1951 selected as being a typical weather year for the area. Energy requirements were calculated using a two - step process. In the first step, hourly heating and cooling loads were calculated for each dwelling unit. In the second step, monthly and annual energy required to meet heating and cooling loads was calculated using specific heating, cooling, and ventilation systems. Examples of lifestyle parameters included in the analysis were thermostat set points, relative humidity set points, type and number of appliances, daily profile of appliance use, and use of ventilation fans. The computer program used to determine heating and cooling loads, or heat delivery / removal requirements, included subroutines for computing hourly load contributions throughout the year due to conduction, convection, air infiltration, radiation, and internal heat gain. The heating load was much greater than the cooling load for single - family and high - rise residences, due to large amounts of infiltration. Heating and cooling loads were similar in the townhouses. The low - rise residences had a cooling load larger than their heating load because of internal heat generation. After structural and comfort control system modifications were made to the residences, heating and cooling energy requirements were again determined. Reduced energy consumption as a result of the modifications were as follows: single - family residences consumed 50 percent, townhouses consumed 50 percent, low - rise residences consumed 57 percent, and high - rise residences consumed 64 percent of the primary energy required by the characteristic structure. Supporting data, illustrative layouts of the residences, and references are included.

• Research Organization: Department of Housing and Urban Development, Washington, DC (USA)
• OSTI ID: 5552434
• Report Number(s): PB-300021
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
320101* -- Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization-- Residential Buildings-- (-1987)
AIR CONDITIONING
BUILDINGS
CALIFORNIA
COOLING LOAD
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
HEATING
HEATING LOAD
NORTH AMERICA
RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
SPACE HEATING
USA
VENTILATION
WESTERN REGION