Photochemical reactivities of exhausts from 1966 model automobiles equipped to reduce hydrocarbon emissions

Journal Article · Sun Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1967 · J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/00022470.1967.10469064· OSTI ID:5551237

Altshuller, A P; Kopczynski, S L; Lonneman, W; Wilson, D

During part of the summer of 1966, a small number of automobiles from the Cincinnati phase of the GSA study were used in a irradiation chamber study. The study was conducted to evaluate the photochemical air pollution potential of representative models of the equipped and unequipped automobiles. Only one set of automobiles, the unequipped Chevelles, produced exhausts capable upon irradiation of forming significant levels of oxidants and PAN. Neither the equipped Chevelles nor any of the Fords or Plymouths, whether equipped or unequipped, produced exhausts having the characteristics necessary to form oxidants or PAN upon irradiation. The eye irritation level reported by the panel upon irradiation of exhausts from unequipped Chevelles was much higher than that produced by the irradiated exhausts from any of the other types of automobiles. Overall, there appears to be a small improvement with respect to eye irritation in comparing equipped with unequipped automobiles. To a large extent, the improvement in the air pollution potential of exhausts from equipped Chevelles compared to the unequipped Chevelles can be attributed to the reduction in the hydrocarbon to nitrogen oxide ratio. The irradiated exhausts from equipped Chevelles, except for aldehyde levels, is about the same in photochemical air pollution potential as are the exhausts from unequipped Fords and Plymouths. Such irradiation chamber measurements are related to exhaust not hydrocarbon reactivities. Hydrocarbon reactivities can be obtained by direct measurement of reactive and nonreactive hydrocarbons in the automotive emissions. 22 references, 4 tables.

• Research Organization: Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Cincinnati, OH
• OSTI ID: 5551237
• Journal Information: J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc.; (United States), Journal Name: J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc.; (United States) Vol. 17:11; ISSN JPCAA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560306* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Man-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AIR POLLUTION
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY
AUTOMOBILES
BODY
BODY AREAS
CATALYTIC CONVERTERS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
EQUIPMENT
EXHAUST GASES
EYES
FACE
FLUIDS
GASEOUS WASTES
GASES
HEAD
HYDROCARBONS
INJURIES
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN OXIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS
PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS
POLLUTION
POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT
SENSE ORGANS
TOXICITY
VEHICLES
WASTES