Bragg's rule of stopping power additivity: a compilation and summary of results

Journal Article · Thu Sep 01 04:00:00 EDT 1983 · Radiat. Res.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2307/3576096· OSTI ID:5530607

Thwaites, D I

Stopping power additivity, as expressed by Bragg's rule, is an important concept in many practical situations involving charged particles. Its validity has been investigated in a large number of studies and the wide range of data is confusing and at times conflicting. No previous comprehensive survey of the data has been undertaken. Thus a compilation is attempted here of a hundred or so papers which have included tests of Bragg's rule. Their main results are indicated and a summary is given of the effects of chemical binding and phase on the stopping power of heavy charged particles. Such effects are confirmed on the evidence available. Chemical binding effects become more significant for materials containing low-Z constituents and as energy falls into and through the transition region. Deviations of up to 50% have been observed in atomic stopping cross sections extracted from measurements on hydrocarbons. There is still some conflicting evidence appearing on phase effects. However, in general a broad consensus is emerging indicating significant differences in H/sub 2/O and organic and similar materials. Stopping cross sections in the vapor phase are greater by up to approx. 5 or 10% at energies around those of the stopping power maximum for protons and He ions. The effects decrease as energy increases.

• Research Organization: University, Dundee, Scotland
• OSTI ID: 5530607
• Journal Information: Radiat. Res.; (United States), Journal Name: Radiat. Res.; (United States) Vol. 95:3; ISSN RAREA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
400600* -- Radiation Chemistry
BRAGG CURVE
CHARGED PARTICLES
CHEMISTRY
CROSS SECTIONS
DATA
DIAGRAMS
DOCUMENT TYPES
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
INFORMATION
NUMERICAL DATA
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
REVIEWS
STOPPING POWER