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General design, construction, and operation guidelines: Constructed wetlands wastewater treatment systems for small users including individual residences

Technical Report ·
OSTI ID:5521559
; ;
A constructed wetlands system (CW) treats wastewater through natural water quality improvement processes (physical, chemical and biological) that occur in natural wetlands. Proper design, construction and operation of a CW optimize the processes. Treatment by CW can be effective, reliable, simple and relatively inexpensive as compared to conventional systems. CW systems can be built for wide flow ranges, including sources having relatively small flows (e.g., individual homes, small businesses and schools). A CW is an alternative for a small system where conventional on-site methods are ineffective due to poor site conditions (e.g., low soil percolation, shallow soils, high groundwater table, Karst topography). 4 figs.
Research Organization:
Tennessee Valley Authority, Chattanooga, TN (United States). River Basin Operations/Water Resources
Sponsoring Organization:
TVA; Tennessee Valley Authority, Knoxville, TN (United States)
OSTI ID:
5521559
Report Number(s):
TVA/WR/WQ-91/2; ON: DE91015968
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
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320305 -- Energy Conservation
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& Utilization-- Industrial & Agricultural Processes-- Industrial Waste Management
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540320 -- Environment
Aquatic-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (1990-)
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
BUILDINGS
CONSTRUCTION
DESIGN
ECOSYSTEMS
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
FLUID FLOW
FLUID MECHANICS
HYDRAULICS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
LIQUID WASTES
MANAGEMENT
MATTER
MECHANICS
OPERATION
ORGANIC MATTER
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PIPES
PLANTS
POLLUTION
PROCESSING
PUMPING
RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
RESOURCE CONSERVATION
SEWAGE
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PROCESSING
WASTE PROCESSING PLANTS
WASTE WATER
WASTES
WATER
WATER POLLUTION
WATER QUALITY
WETLANDS