Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke measured by cotinine sup 125 I-radioimmunoassay

Journal Article · Thu Jun 01 04:00:00 EDT 1989 · Clinical Chemistry (Winston-Salem, North Carolina); (USA)

OSTI ID:5516534

Knight, G J; Palomaki, G E; Lea, D H; Haddow, J E ^[1]

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1. Foundation for Blood Research, Scarborough, ME (USA)

We describe a polyclonal-antiserum-based {sup 125}I-radioimmunoassay for cotinine that is suitable for measuring nonsmokers' passive exposure to tobacco smoke in the environment. The standard curve ranged from 0.25 to 12.0 micrograms/L, with an estimated lower limit of sensitivity of 0.2 microgram/L (95% B/Bo = 0.2 microgram/L; 50% B/Bo = 4.0 micrograms/L). The median within-assay CVs for patients' samples with cotinine values from 0.4 to 1.3, 1.4 to 2.4, 2.5 to 4.6, and 4.7 to 15.6 micrograms/L were 13.9%, 7.2%, 5.1%, and 5.7%, respectively. Between-assay CVs for two quality-control sera with average values of 1.53 and 3.68 micrograms/L were 14.3% and 7.8%, respectively. Analytical recoveries of cotinine from smokers' sera diluted in zero calibrant ranged from 91% to 116%. Cotinine values determined on 79 paired sera and urines from nonsmokers showed significant correlation with self-reported exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (r = 0.49, P less than 0.001 for sera; r = 0.57, P less than 0.001 for urine). The log of the values for serum and urine cotinine were also significantly correlated (r = 0.85, P less than 0.001). Evidently, polyclonal antiserum can be used to develop a cotinine assay for measuring exposure to environmental tobacco smoke that compares well with that described for monoclonal-based assays.

• OSTI ID: 5516534
• Journal Information: Clinical Chemistry (Winston-Salem, North Carolina); (USA), Journal Name: Clinical Chemistry (Winston-Salem, North Carolina); (USA) Vol. 35:6; ISSN 0009-9147; ISSN CLCHA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
AEROSOLS
ALKALOIDS
AMINES
ANIMALS
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENTS
AZINES
AZOLES
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOASSAY
COLLOIDS
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES
DISPERSIONS
DRUGS
ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
IMMUNOASSAY
IMMUNOLOGY
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
IODINE 125
IODINE ISOTOPES
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
ISOTOPES
MAMMALS
MAN
NICOTINE
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PARASYMPATHOLYTICS
PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS
PRIMATES
PYRIDINES
PYRROLES
PYRROLIDINES
RADIOASSAY
RADIOIMMUNOASSAY
RADIOIMMUNODETECTION
RADIOIMMUNOLOGY
RADIOISOTOPES
REAGENTS
RESIDUES
SMOKES
SOLS
TOBACCO SMOKES
TRACER TECHNIQUES
VERTEBRATES