Dose equivalent and phantoms in conventional calibration practice
The International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) Report 39 recommends that several new dose equivalent quantities be used and that, to calibrate dosimeters and instruments in terms of these new quantities, the ICRU sphere be used as a phantom. Currently, the calibration of personnel dosimeters in both the US Department of Energy's Laboratory Accreditation Program (DOELAP) and National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) testing programs is performed using rectangular polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) phantoms. The relationship of dose equivalent in the calibration procedures set by these two standards was investigated by comparing the dose equivalent calculated for a personnel dosimeter placed on a slab phantom to the ambient dose equivalent, H*(10). Although the individual dose equivalent, penetrating, is the actual quantity that should be simulated with a personnel dosimeter, in calibration and testing practice, the two are numerically equal for normal irradiation on the front face of the phantom.
- OSTI ID:
- 5505089
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-881011--
- Journal Information:
- Transactions of the American Nuclear Society; (USA), Journal Name: Transactions of the American Nuclear Society; (USA) Vol. 57; ISSN TANSA; ISSN 0003-018X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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ACTINIDE ISOTOPES
ACTINIDE NUCLEI
ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BOLTZMANN STATISTICS
CADMIUM
CALCULATION METHODS
CALIBRATION
CALIFORNIUM 252
CALIFORNIUM ISOTOPES
COMPUTER CODES
DOSE EQUIVALENTS
DOSEMETERS
DOSIMETRY
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
ELEMENTS
ESTERS
EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI
HEAVY NUCLEI
HEAVY WATER
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
ICRU
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
IRRADIATION
ISOTOPES
KERMA
M CODES
MASSLESS PARTICLES
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
METALS
MOCKUP
MODERATORS
MONTE CARLO METHOD
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
NEUTRON FLUX
NEUTRON SOURCES
NUCLEI
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC POLYMERS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PARTICLE SOURCES
PERSONNEL DOSIMETRY
PHANTOMS
PHOTONS
PMMA
POLYACRYLATES
POLYMERS
POLYVINYLS
RADIATION FLUX
RADIATION PROTECTION
RADIATION SOURCES
RADIOISOTOPES
STRUCTURAL MODELS
US DOE
US ORGANIZATIONS
WATER
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES