Effect of various surfactants and salts on the viscosity of crude oil-water macro- and microemulsions
Macro- and microemulsions composed of low viscosity (20 cp) crude from Mississippi, water and varying amounts of electrolyte and surfactant were analyzed for behavior of the viscosity and interfacial tension of the solutions. The maximum viscosity of a water-oil emulsion almost doubled in the presence of sea water but not with magnesium chloride and sodium chloride. The maximum viscosity and minimum interfacial tension occurred in the presence of a concentration of 1% sodium chloride. The addition of an anionic surfactant gave a greater maximum viscosity and interfacial tension than the addition of a cationic or nonionic surfactant. The presence of 3% sodium chloride decreased the viscosity of the solution containing a nonionic surfactant, but did not affect the cationic surfactant solution. Microemulsions containing the cosurfactant, hexanol, had a greater viscosity than with pentanol. However, the presence of 3% sodium chloride decreased the viscosity.
- OSTI ID:
- 5499644
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
020300* -- Petroleum-- Drilling & Production
ALCOHOLS
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
CHLORIDES
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
COLLOIDS
DISPERSIONS
EMULSIONS
ENERGY SOURCES
ENHANCED RECOVERY
FLUID INJECTION
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HEXANOLS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INTERFACES
MAGNESIUM CHLORIDES
MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS
MICROEMULSION FLOODING
MICROEMULSIONS
MISCIBLE-PHASE DISPLACEMENT
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PENTANOLS
PETROLEUM
SODIUM CHLORIDES
SODIUM COMPOUNDS
SURFACE PROPERTIES
SURFACE TENSION
SURFACTANTS
VISCOSITY
WATER