Species profiles: Life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Mid-Atlantic): Atlantic marsh fiddler
- North Carolina Cooperative Fishery Research Unit, Raleigh, NC (USA)
The Atlantic marsh fiddler is the only endemic species of Uca in the Mid-Atlantic region. Males display a series of visual and acoustical displays during mating, with a weak waving and bleaching of the larger claw. Egg clutch size in female varies. Larvae are released in phase with nocturnal high tides. The 5 zoeal and 1 megalops stages compose much of the estuarine plankton. First and second crab stages are weak and unable to burrow. Adult lifespan is 1--1.5 years with 1--2 molts per year. Molting is temperature dependent and ceases below 20{degree}C. Crabs feed by scrubbing the preferred muddy substratum for diatoms, fungi, vascular plants, and debris, bioturbating and recycling the marsh surface. This crab is eaten regularly by estuarine birds, fish, crabs, and some mammals. This fiddler can acclimate to lower temperatures, but dies below 2-3{degree}C or above 40{degree}C. It prefers seawater, lacking freshwater tolerance. Oxygen uptake correlates with activity. Preferred habitats are muddy substrata and short smooth cordgrass. Burrow density decreases from low to high marsh. The Atlantic marsh fiddler has the highest radiation LD-50 of sympatric species of fiddler crabs. Insecticides Temefos, DDT, DDF, Aldrin, and Dieldrin, and contaminant PCB's, mercury, and cadmium reduce populations of fiddlers, some being concentrated in their tissues. 90 refs., 4 figs.
- Research Organization:
- Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS (USA). Coastal Ecology Group; Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, DC (USA); North Carolina Cooperative Fishery Research Unit, Raleigh, NC (USA); National Wetlands Research Center, Slidell, LA (USA)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- DOI
- OSTI ID:
- 5483394
- Report Number(s):
- BR-82(11.114); TR-EL--82-4/82(11.114); ON: TI90003383
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
540210* -- Environment
Terrestrial-- Basic Studies-- (1990-)
540310 -- Environment
Aquatic-- Basic Studies-- (1990-)
ANIMAL GROWTH
ANIMALS
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
ARTHROPODS
ATLANTIC OCEAN
BASELINE ECOLOGY
CRABS
CRUSTACEANS
DECAPODS
ECOLOGY
ESTUARIES
FEEDING
GROWTH
HABITAT
INVERTEBRATES
LIFE CYCLE
MIGRATION
POPULATION DYNAMICS
PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTIONS
REPRODUCTION
SEAS
SEASONAL VARIATIONS
SURFACE WATERS
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE
VARIATIONS