Radioactivity studies: Final report, June 1985-August 1986

Technical Report · Sun Nov 01 04:00:00 EST 1987

OSTI ID:5477718

Ralston, L; Cohen, N ^[1]

---

1. ed.

We instigated studies of neptunium metabolism in two nonhuman primate species to derive dosimetric parameters necessary for accurate human radiation risk assessments. The metabolism of neptunium was studied in adult female baboons and tamarins following intravenous injection and intragastric intubation. Neptunium-237 and /sup 239/Np isotopes were prepared as citrate, nitrate, and bicarbonate complexs with valence states of +4, +5 and +6. Samples of blood, urine, feces and autopsy tissues were measured by both gamma-ray and alpha spectrometry techniques. Retention of injected neptunium was determined in vivo using whole and partial body gamma-scintillation spectroscopy. Immediately following intravenous injection, neptunium (+5 and +6) cleared rapidly from blood, deposited primarily in the skeleton (54 +- 5%) and liver (3 +- 1%), and was excreted predominately via urine (40 +- 3%). For the first year post injection, neptunium was retained with a composite biological half-time of 100 yrs in liver and 1.5 yrs in bone. In comparison, injected Np(+4) was retained in blood in higher concentrations and was eliminated initially via urine to a lesser extent (12%). Np(+4) was deposited primarily in the carcass (38 +- 4%) and liver (43 +- 4%). Differences in the chemical forms and radionuclide concentrations injected did not alter neptunium metabolic patterns. 78 refs., 20 figs., 30 tabs.

• Research Organization: New York Univ., NY (USA). Medical Center
• DOE Contract Number: AC02-76EV03382
• OSTI ID: 5477718
• Report Number(s): DOE/EV/03382-T1; COO-3382-23; ON: DE88003253
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

052002 -- Nuclear Fuels-- Waste Disposal & Storage
053000 -- Nuclear Fuels-- Environmental Aspects
11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS
12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES
560162* -- Radionuclide Effects
Kinetics
& Toxicology-- Animals
Plants
Microorganisms
& Cells
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ABSORPTION
ACTINIDE ISOTOPES
ACTINIDE NUCLEI
ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
ALPHA SPECTROSCOPY
ANIMALS
APES
BABOONS
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BLOOD-PLASMA CLEARANCE
CLEARANCE
COUNTING TECHNIQUES
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DOCUMENT TYPES
DOSE EQUIVALENTS
EXCRETION
GAMMA SPECTROSCOPY
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
HEAVY NUCLEI
INJECTION
INTAKE
INTESTINAL ABSORPTION
INTRAVENOUS INJECTION
ISOTOPES
MAMMALS
METABOLISM
MONKEYS
NEPTUNIUM 237
NEPTUNIUM 239
NEPTUNIUM ISOTOPES
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
PRIMATES
PROGRESS REPORT
RADIATION DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATION HAZARDS
RADIATION PROTECTION
RADIOISOTOPES
RETENTION
RISK ASSESSMENT
SPATIAL DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS
SPECTROSCOPY
UPTAKE
VERTEBRATES
WHOLE-BODY COUNTING
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES