Reaction mechanisms in the radiolysis of peptides, polypeptides and proteins II reactions at side-chain loci in model systems

Technical Report · Tue Nov 01 04:00:00 EST 1983

OSTI ID:5446258

Garrison, W M

The major emphasis in radiation biology at the molecular level has been on the nucleic acid component of the nucleic acid-protein complex because of its primary genetic importance. But there is increasing evidence that radiation damage to the protein component also has important biological implications. Damage to capsid protein now appears to be a major factor in the radiation inactivation of phage and other viruses. And, there is increasing evidence that radiation-chemical change in the protein component of chromation leads to changes in the stability of the repressor-operator complexes involved in gene expression. Knowledge of the radiation chemistry of protein is also of importance in other fields such as the application of radiation sterilization to foods and drugs. Recent findings that a class of compounds, the ..cap alpha..,..cap alpha..'-diaminodicarboxylic acids, not normally present in food proteins, are formed in protein radiolysis is of particular significance since certain of their peptide derivatives have been showing to exhibit immunological activity. The purpose of this review is to bring together and to correlate our present knowledge of products and mechanisms in the radiolysis of peptides, polypeptides and proteins both aqueous and solid-state. In part 1 we presented a discussion of the radiation-induced reactions of the peptide main-chain in model peptide and polypeptide systems. Here in part 2 the emphasis is on the competing radiation chemistry at side-chain loci of peptide derivatives of aliphatic, aromatic-unsaturated and sulfur-containing amino acids in similar systems. Information obtained with the various experimental techniques of product analysis, competition kinetics, spin-trapping, pulse radiolysis, and ESR spectroscopy are included.

• Research Organization: Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (USA)
• DOE Contract Number: AC03-76SF00098
• OSTI ID: 5446258
• Report Number(s): LBL-16812; ON: DE84005877
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
400600* -- Radiation Chemistry
560132 -- Radiation Effects on Microorganisms-- Food Preservation-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ALANINES
AMINO ACIDS
AROMATICS
ASPARTIC ACID
AZAARENES
AZOLES
CARBOHYDRATES
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CHARGED PARTICLES
CHEMICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
CYSTEINE
CYSTINE
DECOMPOSITION
DISULFIDES
ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE
GLUCOPROTEINS
GLUTAMIC ACID
GLYCINE
HETEROCYCLIC ACIDS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROXY ACIDS
INDOLES
IONS
IRRADIATION
MAGNETIC RESONANCE
MOLECULAR IONS
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
OXONIUM IONS
OXYGEN ENHANCEMENT RATIO
PEPTIDES
PRESERVATION
PROTEINS
PYRROLES
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIOLYSIS
RADIOPRESERVATION
REACTION INTERMEDIATES
RESONANCE
SACCHARIDES
THIOLS
TRYPTOPHAN
TYROSINE