Occupational nitrosamine exposure. 1. Rubber and tire industry
To determine the role of N-nitrosamines in the known increased cancer risk of rubber workers, air concentrations of such carcinogens were measured by area sampling or personal monitoring in 19 factories. N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) were found regularly, the air concentrations varying between 0.1 and 380 micrograms/m/sup 3/ personal monitoring. The mean concentration was usually in the range of 1-10 micrograms/m/sup 3/. Several other nitrosamines could be detected in certain production branches. In retail shops and storage rooms of tires NDMA and NMOR were found. Most rubber chemicals based on amines are contaminated with N-nitrosamines, but this contamination cannot explain the air concentrations of nitrosamines found. The occurrence of nitrosamines mainly depends upon their formation during production of rubber and rubber products from used vulcanisation accelerators based on amines and the presence of nitrosating agents, such as diphenylnitrosamine (retarder A) and of nitrous gases, in products or production areas. Elimination of one or both precursors for nitrosamine formation resulted in significant reduction of aerial contamination of nitrosamines. The results are discussed in regard to the mechanisms of nitrosamine formation during rubber production, as basis for future epidemiological studies and their potential for exposure prevention.
- Research Organization:
- Institute of Toxicology and Chemotherapy, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, FRG
- OSTI ID:
- 5430971
- Journal Information:
- Carcinogenesis (N.Y.); (United States), Journal Name: Carcinogenesis (N.Y.); (United States) Vol. 4:9; ISSN CRNGD
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Survey for n-nitroso compounds at Uniroyal, Chicopee Falls Plant, Chicopee Falls, Massachusetts, September 22, 1978
Survey for N-nitroso compounds at B. F. Goodrich, Woodburn, Indiana, December 12, 1979. Industrywide survey. [N-nitrosomorpholine and N-nitrosodimethylamine]
Related Subjects
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
AEROSOL MONITORING
AIR POLLUTION
AMINES
CHALCOGENIDES
ETHERS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
INDOOR AIR POLLUTION
INDUSTRY
MONITORING
MORPHOLINES
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN OXIDES
NITROSAMINES
NITROSO COMPOUNDS
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION
RUBBER INDUSTRY
SAFETY
TIRES