Fossil fuel-fired peak heating for geothermal greenhouses

Journal Article · Wed Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1997 · Geo-Heat Center Quarterly Bulletin

OSTI ID:543082

Rafferty, K ^[1]

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1. Geo-Heat Center, Oregon Institute of Technology, Klamath Falls, OR (United States)

Greenhouses are a major application of low-temperature geothermal resources. In virtually all operating systems, the geothermal fluid is used in a hot water heating system to meet 100% of both the peak and annual heating requirements of the structure. This strategy is a result of the relatively low costs associated with the development of most US geothermal direct-use resources and past tax credit programs which penalized systems using any conventional fuel sources. Increasingly, greenhouse operations will encounter limitations in available geothermal resource flow due either to production or disposal considerations. As a result, it will be necessary to operate additions at reduced water temperatures reflective of the effluent from the existing operations. Water temperature has a strong influence on heating system design. Greenhouse operators tend to have unequivocal preferences regarding heating system equipment. Many growers, particularly cut flower and bedding plant operators, prefer the {open_quotes}bare tube{close_quotes} type heating system. This system places small diameter plastic tubes under the benches or adjacent to the plants. Hot water is circulated through the tubes providing heat to the plants and the air in the greenhouse. Advantages include the ability to provide the heat directly to the plants, low cost, simple installation and the lack of a requirement for fans to circulate air. The major disadvantage of the system is poor performance at low (<140{degrees}F) water temperatures, particularly in cold climates. Under these conditions, the quantity of tubing required to meet the peak heating load is substantial. In fact, under some conditions, it is simply impractical to install sufficient tubing in the greenhouse to meet the peak heating load.

• OSTI ID: 543082
• Journal Information: Geo-Heat Center Quarterly Bulletin, Journal Name: Geo-Heat Center Quarterly Bulletin Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 18; ISSN GCQBDW; ISSN 0276-1084
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS
FOSSIL FUELS
GEOTHERMAL HEATING
GREENHOUSES
HEATING SYSTEMS
LOAD MANAGEMENT
PEAK LOAD