Fourth Statistical Ensemble for the Bose-Einstein Condensate

Journal Article · Mon Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 1997 · Physical Review Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1789· OSTI ID:542267

Navez, P ^[1]; Bitouk, D ^[2]; Gajda, M ^[3]; Gajda, M; Idziaszek, Z; Rzazewski, K ^[4]; Rzazewski, K ^[5]

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1. Departement de Physique, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Chemin du Cyclotron, 2, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium)
2. Department of Physics, Moscow State University, 117237 Moscow (Russia)
3. Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-668 Warsaw (Poland)
4. College of Science, 02-668 Warsaw (Poland)
5. Center for Theoretical Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Aleja Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw (Poland)

We study the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with a fixed number of particles. On the basis of conventional statistical mechanics we introduce the, so called, Maxwell{close_quote}s demon ensemble, where only particle transfer (without energy exchange) is allowed. We show that this new ensemble can be used for the microcanonical description of the system. We apply our formalism to the case of BEC in a harmonic trap and give the analytic expressions for the ground state fluctuations. We compare these expressions with the exact numerical results obtained for relatively small condensates. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}

• OSTI ID: 542267
• Journal Information: Physical Review Letters, Journal Name: Physical Review Letters Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 79; ISSN 0031-9007; ISSN PRLTAO
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

66 PHYSICS
BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION
FLUCTUATIONS
GROUND STATES
HARMONIC POTENTIAL
STATISTICAL MECHANICS
TRAPS