Identification and cleavage of breakable single bonds by selective oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis. Quarterly report No. 13, October 1-December 31, 1981
Bituminous coal is assumed to consist mostly of aggregates of condensed aromatic and aliphatic rings which are connected and made soluble by crosslinks containing single bonds. The objective of this project is to determine the structure of bituminous coal with emphasis on the crosslinks and breakable single bonds. During this past quarter the following studies were conducted on Illinois No. 6 coal: extraction with benzylamine (BnH/sub 2/), ethanolamine, ethylenediamine (EDA), pyridine; saponification of some toluene-insoluble, pyridine-soluble (TIPS) fraction; cleavages by amines; oxidation with aqueous NaOCl of butylated and methylated pyridine-extracted coal; decarboxylation on black acids. The investigations dealt with two kinds of connecting links in coal, which are designated as ester and ether groups. The ester groups are cleaved by strongly basic amines (to give amides) at 25/sup 0/C and by alcoholic KOH at 100/sup 0/C (to give salts and alcohols or phenols). Both esters and ethers are cleaved by HI or ZnCL/sub 2/ in pyridine at or below 50/sup 0/C. The ethers are also cleaved by BnNH/sub 2/, EDA, and EDA/DMSO to nearly the same extent on several days heating at 100/sup 0/C. Although a cleavage of model ethers by amines were not established, the parallel easy reactions of HI and ZnCl/sub 2/ and the slow 100/sup 0/C reactions of amines on coal lead the authors to designate the non-ester cleavages as ether cleavages. (ATT)
- Research Organization:
- SRI International, Menlo Park, CA (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC22-78ET11423
- OSTI ID:
- 5413809
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/ET/11423-T3; ON: DE82011870
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Identification and cleavage of breakable single bonds by selective oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis. Quarterly report No. 9, October 1-December 31, 1980
Identification and cleavage of breakable single bonds by selective oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis. Annual report, October 1, 1980-September 30, 1981
Related Subjects
010600* -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Properties & Composition
AMINES
AROMATICS
AZINES
BITUMINOUS COAL
BLACK COAL
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CHEMICAL BONDS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CLEAVAGE
COAL
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
DATA
DECOMPOSITION
DMSO
ENERGY SOURCES
ESTERS
ETHERS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
EXTRACTION
FOSSIL FUELS
FRACTIONATION
FUELS
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDRIODIC ACID
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROLYSIS
INFORMATION
INORGANIC ACIDS
IODINE COMPOUNDS
LYSIS
MATERIALS
MICROSTRUCTURE
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
OXIDATION
PYRIDINE
PYRIDINES
REDUCTION
SAPONIFICATION
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
SOLVOLYSIS
STRUCTURAL CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
SULFOXIDES
TOLUENE