The effects of dopants on the electrical resistivity in lead magnesium niobate multilayer ceramic capacitors

Journal Article · Thu Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 1989 · IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Transactions on Components, Hybrids, and Manufacturing Technology; (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/33.31438· OSTI ID:5410536

Chang, D D; Ling, H C ^[1]

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1. AT and T Bell Labs., Princeton, NJ (US)

Electrical resistivity studies were performed on multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLC) based on lead magnesium niobate and containing dopants of lead titanate, lead zinc niobate, and lead cobalt niobate. The results showed that lead titanate and/or lead zinc niobate had no effect on the electrical resistivity while lead cobalt niobate decreased the resistivity. In samples without lead cobalt niobate, we observed a conduction mechanism with an activation energy of --1 eV, which is commonly observed in barium titanate based dielectrics. This is attributed to ionic conduction via the motion of oxygen vacancies. The increase in conductivity (or decrease in resistivity) resulting from the addition of lead cobalt niobate was rationalized as due to electronic conduction through charge hopping among the cations. This conduction mechanism was characterized by an activation energy of --0.5 eV. Since the activation energy associated with the long-term failure was previously determined by a matrix of temperature and voltage accelerated life tests to be -- 1 eV, they conclude that conduction through charge hopping is not affecting the long-term reliability of these devices.

• OSTI ID: 5410536
• Journal Information: IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Transactions on Components, Hybrids, and Manufacturing Technology; (USA), Vol. 12:2; ISSN 0148-6411
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS
37 INORGANIC
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
CAPACITORS
MATERIALS TESTING
NIOBATES
DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
TITANATES
ACTIVATION ENERGY
CHARGE TRANSPORT
COBALT COMPOUNDS
CRYSTAL DOPING
ELECTRIC IMPEDANCE
ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE
IONIC CONDUCTIVITY
LEAD COMPOUNDS
MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN
RELIABILITY
VACANCIES
ZINC COMPOUNDS
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
CRYSTAL DEFECTS
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
ELEMENTS
ENERGY
EQUIPMENT
IMPEDANCE
NIOBIUM COMPOUNDS
NONMETALS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
POINT DEFECTS
REFRACTORY METAL COMPOUNDS
TESTING
TITANIUM COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
250400* - Energy Storage- Capacitor Banks
360204 - Ceramics
Cermets
& Refractories- Physical Properties
640302 - Atomic
Molecular & Chemical Physics- Atomic & Molecular Properties & Theory
400201 - Chemical & Physicochemical Properties