Summary of research on coal-liquefaction-product spills

Technical Report · Sat May 01 04:00:00 EDT 1982

OSTI ID:5396173

Giddings, J M

Accidental releases of liquid products from coal conversion are among the major environmental hazards of synthetic fuel production. The objective of the research described in this report is to provide information necessary for informed decisions aimed at minimizing the impact of product spills on aquatic and terrestrial environments. A multitiered hazard assessment scheme is the framework for a research program comprising laboratory, microcosm, and field experiments and mathematical modeling. Nearly 30 natural and synthetic oils have been examined. Coal liquids are more soluble, more toxic, and more teratogenic than petroleum products. Phenolic compounds and anilines are responsible for most of the toxicity and solubility of coal liquids, suggesting that removal of oxygen and nitrogen (by hydrotreatment, for example) would reduce the environmental hazards associated with transportation and storage of these materials. The results of this research have contributed to environmental impact statements for several coal conversion facilities; other information outlets include periodic reports to the Department of Energy and publications in the open literature.

• Research Organization: Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA)
• DOE Contract Number: W-7405-ENG-26
• OSTI ID: 5396173
• Report Number(s): ORNL/TM-7966; ON: DE82014576
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
010405* -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Hydrogenation & Liquefaction
016000 -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Health & Safety
ACCIDENTS
AMINES
ANILINE
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
AROMATICS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMICAL SPILLS
COAL LIQUEFACTION
COAL LIQUIDS
ECOSYSTEMS
ENERGY SOURCES
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
EVAPORATION
FLUIDS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUEL OILS
FUELS
HAZARDS
HYDROGENATION
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
LIQUEFACTION
LIQUID FUELS
LIQUIDS
MASS TRANSFER
MINERAL OILS
OILS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
PHENOLS
RESEARCH PROGRAMS
SHALE OIL
SOLUBILITY
SYNTHETIC FUELS
TERATOGENESIS
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
TOXICITY