Effect of cigarette smoke and dietary cholesterol on plasma lipoprotein composition

Journal Article · Thu Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1981 · Artery (Fulton, Mich.); (United States)

OSTI ID:5387051

Hojnacki, J L; Mulligan, J J; Cluette, J E; Kew, R R; Stack, D J; Huber, G L

Pigeons were assigned to four treatment groups: 1) Controls fed a chow diet ad libitum and retained in their cages; 2) Sham pigeons fed a cholesterol-saturated fat diet and exposed to fresh air by the Lorillard smoking machine; 3) Low nicotine-low carbon monoxide (LoLo) animals also fed the cholesterol diet and exposed to low concentrations of cigarette smoke; and 4) High nicotine-high carbon monoxide (HiHi) birds fed the cholesterol diet and subjected to high concentrations of inhalants. Plasma very low density (VLDL), low density (LDL), and high density (HDL) lipoproteins were isolated by density gradient ultracentrifugation. Smoke-related differences appeared in HiHi HDL which contained relatively more free and esterified cholesterol and total lipid, but less total protein than HDL from Sham-smoked pigeons. VLDL from birds exposed to cigarette smoke (LoLo and HiHi) contained relatively more total lipid, but less total protein than VLDL from Sham pigeons. Inhalation smoke produced a marked depression in the HDL2/HDL3 ratio resulting from an increased proportion of the HDL3 subfraction relative to HDL2. Pigeons fed the cholesterol-saturated fat diet circulated HDL with greater free and esterified cholesterol mass than Controls. Diet also altered the type of cholesteryl ester present in HDL with cholesteryl linoleate representing the predominant form in Control pigeons and cholesteryl oleate in cholesterol-fed birds. These results demonstrate that cigarette smoking can mediate alterations in lipoprotein composition independent of changes induced by dietary cholesterol and saturated fat.

• Research Organization: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Biological Sciences, University of Lowell, Massachusetts
• OSTI ID: 5387051
• Journal Information: Artery (Fulton, Mich.); (United States), Journal Name: Artery (Fulton, Mich.); (United States) Vol. 9:4; ISSN ARTED
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

551000 -- Physiological Systems
560305* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Vertebrates-- (-1987)
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AEROSOLS
ALKALOIDS
AMINES
ANIMALS
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENTS
AZINES
AZOLES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIRDS
BLOOD
BLOOD PLASMA
BODY FLUIDS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON MONOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CENTRIFUGATION
CHALCOGENIDES
CHOLESTEROL
COLLOIDS
DIET
DISPERSIONS
DRUGS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INGESTION
INHALATION
INTAKE
LIPIDS
LIPOPROTEINS
MATERIALS
NICOTINE
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PARASYMPATHOLYTICS
PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS
PIGEONS
PROTEINS
PYRIDINES
PYRROLES
PYRROLIDINES
RESIDUES
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SMOKES
SOLS
STEROIDS
STEROLS
TOBACCO SMOKES
ULTRACENTRIFUGATION
VERTEBRATES