Determination of alkylphenols and alkylphenol mono- and diethoxylates in environmental samples by high-performance liquid chromatography
A routine method is described for the quantitative determination of 4-nonylphenol (NP) and 4-nonylphenol mono-(NP1EO) and diethoxylate (NP2EO) in samples from wastewater and sludge treatment and from the aquatic environment. An exhaustive steam-distillation/solvent-extraction procedure was employed to enrich the analytes from aqueous and solid samples. Quantitative determinations were performed by normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HP-LC) using aminosilica columns. Relative standard deviations were 3.0-4.4% in a river water containing 3.9 ..mu..g/L NP, 23.4 ..mu..g/L NP1EO, and 9.4 ..mu..g/L NP2EO. A digested sewage sludge with 1.6 g of NP/kg of dry matter was analyzed with a relative standard deviation of 3.7%. Recoveries were higher than 80%, and the estimated detection limit in water samples was 0.5 ..mu..g/L. Reversed-phase HPLC on octylsilica provided complementary qualitative data, particularly on homologous alkylphenolic compounds. Good agreement was found between quantitative determinations by HPLC and by high-resolution gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and directly coupled mass spectrometry. Municipal wastewater effluents, sewage sludges, and natural waters were analyzed to demonstrate the method's broad applicability. 19 references, 4 tables, 4 figures.
- Research Organization:
- Swiss Federal Institute for Water Resources and Water Pollution Control (EAWAG), Duebendorf, Switzerland
- OSTI ID:
- 5379184
- Journal Information:
- Anal. Chem.; (United States), Vol. 57:8
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
ETHOXY RADICALS
LIQUID COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY
PHENOLS
SEWAGE SLUDGE
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
WASTE WATER
WATER
DISTILLATION
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
FRESH WATER
POLLUTANTS
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
WATER POLLUTION
ALKOXY RADICALS
AROMATICS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHROMATOGRAPHY
DATA
EXTRACTION
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INFORMATION
LIQUID WASTES
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION
RADICALS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SEWAGE
SLUDGES
WASTES
400102* - Chemical & Spectral Procedures
400105 - Separation Procedures
520200 - Environment
Aquatic- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)