Dynamical origin of black-hole radiance

Journal Article · Thu Dec 15 04:00:00 EST 1983 · Phys. Rev. D; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.28.2929· OSTI ID:5376497

York, Jr, J W

An explanation of the thermal quantum radiance of black holes discovered by Hawking is offered in terms of a black-hole metric undergoing quantum zero-point fluctuations of zero mean in its gravitational quasinormal modes. It is shown that such zero-temperature fluctuations, governed by the uncertainty principle, lead to the formation of a quantum ergosphere that enables matter of all species to tunnel out of the hole. The results confirm that a black hole cannot be in equilibrium at zero temperature. A dynamical temperature is calculated by equating the mean irreducible mass associated with the quantum ergosphere to the mean thermal energy of a quantum oscillator with the lowest quasinormal frequency. The result agrees with the Hawking temperature to within two per cent. The nature of the dynamical equilibrium and the higher modes are discussed, and it is calculated that the thermal excitations of the resonant modes have the canonical distribution to within several per cent. A calculation of the black-hole entropy using the statistical mechanics of the quasinormal modes yields a value (0.27654)h/sup -1/(16..pi..M/sup 2/), which is near the value usually assumed, (0.25)h/sup -1/(16..pi..M/sup 2/). Characteristic fluctuation scales are derived. The rms energy fluctuation of the physical (''dressed'') event horizon is about 10/sup 17/ GeV, independent of M. The physical metric fluctuations near the hole are of order unity when the hole has massroughly-equal(0.15) (Planck mass)roughly-equal1.8 x 10/sup 18/ GeV.

• Research Organization: Institute of Field Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514
• OSTI ID: 5376497
• Journal Information: Phys. Rev. D; (United States), Journal Name: Phys. Rev. D; (United States) Vol. 28:12; ISSN PRVDA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

640102* -- Astrophysics & Cosmology-- Stars & Quasi-Stellar
Radio & X-Ray Sources
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
BLACK HOLES
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ENTROPY
FIELD THEORIES
GRAVITATIONAL FIELDS
MECHANICS
METRICS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
PROBABILITY
QUANTUM FIELD THEORY
QUANTUM MECHANICS
RADIATIONS
SPACE-TIME
THERMAL RADIATION
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
THERMODYNAMICS