Development of a technique and conceptual design of a survey instrument for beta dosimetry in the nuclear power industry
Thesis/Dissertation
·
OSTI ID:5351114
Before an employee of the nuclear power industry can be assigned to work in an area with radiation hazards, the total dose rate from all radiation present should be known to determine the risk. As the plants age, the level of maintenance has increased and certain tasks have required the workers to be exposed to intense beta radiation fields. Currently available survey instruments do not accurately assess the beta dose or dose rate in many circumstances due to several factors, including the fluctuation of the response of the detector due to the variation in the energy of the beta particles comprising the radiation field. This research involved developing a technique for calculating the beta dose rate, using the differential energy spectrum and the fluence rate for the beta particles, the fundamental features of the beta radiation. The energy spectrum was used to determine a spectrum weighted average mass stopping power (SWAMPS). The SWAMPS, when multiplied by the fluence rate, gives the energy deposited per unit mass per second, which is the absorbed dose rate for the beta radiation. Reference sources were developed and calibrated using an extrapolation chamber that had, itself, been calibrated using beta sources at the National Bureau of Standards. Different spectrometry systems were tested for applicability to the SWAMPS technique.
- Research Organization:
- Georgia Inst. of Tech., Atlanta (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 5351114
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS
220500 -- Nuclear Reactor Technology-- Environmental Aspects
440102* -- Radiation Instrumentation-- Radiation Dosemeters
46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
BETA DOSIMETRY
BETA PARTICLES
CALIBRATION
CHARGED PARTICLES
DOSE RATES
DOSIMETRY
ENERGY SPECTRA
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
MONITORS
NUCLEAR FACILITIES
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
POWER PLANTS
RADIATION HAZARDS
RADIATION MONITORS
SPECTRA
SURVEY MONITORS
THERMAL POWER PLANTS
220500 -- Nuclear Reactor Technology-- Environmental Aspects
440102* -- Radiation Instrumentation-- Radiation Dosemeters
46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
BETA DOSIMETRY
BETA PARTICLES
CALIBRATION
CHARGED PARTICLES
DOSE RATES
DOSIMETRY
ENERGY SPECTRA
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
MONITORS
NUCLEAR FACILITIES
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
POWER PLANTS
RADIATION HAZARDS
RADIATION MONITORS
SPECTRA
SURVEY MONITORS
THERMAL POWER PLANTS