Interactions between air pollutants in vivo
Thesis/Dissertation
·
OSTI ID:5340868
Interactions between oxidant gases (ozone or nitrogen dioxide (NO/sub 2/)) and respirable aerosols (ammonium sulfate, sulfuric acid, or sodium chloride) were examined in exposed rats. Sensitive biochemical indicators of pulmonary responses in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid or lung tissue were used. Significant responses were observed from groups of rats that were acutely exposed to 0.12, 0.20, or 0.64 ppm of ozone alone. A synergistic interaction upon lung damage was observed when rats were exposed to 0.20 or 0.64 ppm of ozone with 5 mg/M/sup 3/ of ammonium sulfate aerosol, 0.20 ppm of ozone with 40 ..mu..g/M/sup 3/ or higher concentrations of sulfuric acid aerosol, and 0.12 ppm of ozone with 0.5 mg/M/sup 3/ of sulfuric acid aerosol. Similarly, a synergistic interaction was observed between 5 ppm of NO/sub 2/ and 1 mg/M/sup 3/ of sulfuric acid or sodium chloride aerosols. To investigate the mechanisms of ozone-induced lung damage, rats were systematically treated with quenchers for free-radicals prior to and during exposures to various concentrations of ozone, with or without accompanying sulfuric acid aerosol. Treatment with a hydrogen peroxide quencher, dimethylthiourea, protected rats from lung injury. These studies suggest the involvement of reactive oxygen radicals and/or hydrogen peroxide in the development of lung injury in rats after exposure to ozone alone or to ozone + acidic aerosols.
- Research Organization:
- California Univ., Davis (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 5340868
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS
AMMONIUM SULFATES
ANIMALS
BODY
CHALCOGENIDES
CHLORIDES
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
IN VIVO
INORGANIC ACIDS
LAVAGE
LUNGS
MAMMALS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
NITROGEN OXIDES
ORGANS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OZONE
PEROXIDES
RATS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
SENSITIVITY
SODIUM CHLORIDES
SODIUM COMPOUNDS
SULFATES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SULFURIC ACID
SYNERGISM
TOXICITY
VERTEBRATES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS
AMMONIUM SULFATES
ANIMALS
BODY
CHALCOGENIDES
CHLORIDES
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
IN VIVO
INORGANIC ACIDS
LAVAGE
LUNGS
MAMMALS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
NITROGEN OXIDES
ORGANS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OZONE
PEROXIDES
RATS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
SENSITIVITY
SODIUM CHLORIDES
SODIUM COMPOUNDS
SULFATES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SULFURIC ACID
SYNERGISM
TOXICITY
VERTEBRATES